Preparation of freeze‐dried bioluminescent bacteria and their application in the detection of acute toxicity of bisphenol A and heavy metals

作者：Jun Yang, Shulin Hu, Anqi Liao, Yetian Weng, Shuli Liang, Ying Lin · 发表于：Food Science & Nutrition · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/fsn3.2800 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research、3D Printing in Biomedical Research、Animal testing and alternatives

Abstract Current chemical analysis approaches for contaminants have failed to reveal their biotoxicity. Moreover, conventional bioassays are time consuming and exhibit poor repeatability. In this study, we performed the acute toxicity detection of various contaminants (chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), and bisphenol A (BPA)) with four bioluminescent bacteria ( Vibrio qinghaiensis Q67, V. fischeri , Photobacterium phosphoreum T3, and P. phosphoreum 502) using a rapid, flexible, and low‐cost bioassay. We found that the temperature affected the bacterial luminescence, and freeze‐dried cells exhibited sensitive toxic responses to contaminants. Indeed, the optimized protectants containing 12% (w/v) trehalose, 4% sucrose, and 2% sorbitol displayed better luminescence and toxic sensitivity. Furthermore, freeze‐dried powders of these strains were prepared and subjected to acute toxicity detection. The results showed that all contaminants exhibited acute toxicity toward Q67, but the other strains did not show obvious response to nickel and tin. The relative half‐maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ) values of BPA, Cr, Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Ni, and Sn to Q67 were 0.674, 1.313, 11.137, 5.921, 4.674, 0.911, 5.941, and 54.077 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the EC 50 values of contaminants toward different strains were suggested to be statistically significant. Freeze‐dried Q67 exhibited toxic responses to more contaminants than the o...