Recurrence of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Cohort Study in Central China

作者：Jilun Feng, Mu Yang, Dingge Cui, Zhi Huang, Tuo Ji, Yajun Lian · 发表于：Frontiers in Neurology · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fneur.2022.832634 · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments、Brain Metastases and Treatment、Neurological Complications and Syndromes

Objective To investigate factors that could impact or predict the probability of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis recurrence in central China. Methods From November 2014 to October 2020, observational data of anti-NMDAR encephalitis inpatients in our institution were collected and analyzed prospectively. The demographics, clinical characteristics, tumor status, lesion locations on MRI and immunotherapies, etc. had entered into a Cox regression model for the identification of the factors associated with relapse-free survival. Results We enrolled 113 patients in a row (median age: 28 years, range: 1–61 years). The gender distribution was not statistically significant ( p = 0.158), with 49 people (43.4%) being female. The median follow-up time was 16 (4–77) months. Among them, 16.8% of patients relapsed. The average interval between recurrences was 8 months (range 3–54 mo). The severity of the initial relapse was less severe than it had been at the start. The first relapse had considerably fewer symptoms (median 2, range 1–6) than the first episode (median 4, range 1–8, p = 0.005). The mRS at first relapse (median 3, mean 2.84, range 1–5) had been significantly lower than that at onset (median 4, mean 3.89, range 3–5, p = 0.004). The length of hospitalization at first relapse (median 17 days, range 5–46) was significantly shorter than the first episode (median 35 days, range 14–102, p = 0.002). In the survival analysis, the risk of recurrence was significa...