Association of Acute Respiratory Failure in Early Childhood With Long-term Neurocognitive Outcomes

作者：R. Scott Watson, Sue R. Beers, Lisa A. Asaro, Cheryl Burns, Min Jung Koh, Mallory Perry, Derek C. Angus, David Wypij, Martha A. Q. Curley, RESTORE-Cognition Investigators, Joseph Ackerson, Mary Best, Alanna A. Conder, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Rachyll Dempsey, Monica D. Dowling, Susanne W. Duvall, Andrea Fabricatore, Chaya B. Gopin, Lana Harder, Abbey J. Herringshaw, Kate Herrington, James H. Hertzog, Scott J. Hunter, Nicolle Ionascu, Gad Klein, Roger E. Lauer, Jonathan D. Lichtenstein, Margaret M. Manning, Ryan J. Martin, Joan W. Mayfield, Megan M Morse, Edward Moss, Grace Mucci, Alondra Ramírez-Rodríguez, Syndey A. Rice, Marivelisse Rodriquez-Rivera, Cynthia F. Salorio, Anabela D. Smith, Julien T. Smith, Nina H. Thomas, Allison Thomas, Jörg Timm, LuAnn VanDetta, Marion Wallace, Seth Warschausky, William J. Warzak, Desirée A. White, Elizabeth J. Willen, Lisa J. Woodcock-Burroughs, Maya M. Zayat · 发表于：JAMA · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1001/jama.2022.1480 · 被引用次数：45 · 研究领域：Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders、Respiratory Support and Mechanisms、Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research

Importance: Approximately 23 700 US children undergo invasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure annually, with unknown long-term effects on neurocognitive function. Objective: To evaluate neurocognitive outcomes of children who survive pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) hospitalization for acute respiratory failure compared with their biological siblings. Design, Setting, and Participants: Prospective sibling-matched cohort study conducted at 31 US PICUs and associated neuropsychology testing centers. Patients were 8 years or younger with a Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score of 1 (normal) before PICU admission and less than or equal to 3 (no worse than moderate neurocognitive dysfunction) at PICU discharge, excluding patients with a history of neurocognitive deficits or who were readmitted and underwent mechanical ventilation. Biological siblings were aged 4 to 16 years at testing, with Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score of 1 and no history of mechanical ventilation or general anesthesia. A total of 121 sibling pairs were enrolled from September 2, 2014, to December 13, 2017, and underwent neurocognitive testing starting March 14, 2015. The date of the final follow-up was November 6, 2018. Exposures: Critical illness and PICU treatment for acute respiratory failure. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was IQ, estimated by the age-appropriate Vocabulary and Block Design subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Secondar...