TAO Conceptual Design Report: A Precision Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Spectrum with Sub-percent Energy Resolution

作者：JUNO Collaboration, Angel Abusleme, Thomas Adam, S. Ahmad, S. Aiello, M. Akram, Nawab Ali, Fengpeng An, Guangpeng An, Qi An, Giuseppe Andronico, Н. Анфимов, V. Antonelli, Tatiana Antoshkina, Burin Asavapibhop, J. P. A. M. de André, Didier Auguste, Andrej Babič, W. Baldini, Andrea Barresi, E. Baussan, M. Bellato, Antonio Bergnoli, E. Bernieri, David Biaré, Thilo Birkenfeld, Sylvie Blin, David Blum, S.C. Blyth, Anastasia Bolshakova, M. Bongrand, Clément Bordereau, D. Breton, A. Brigatti, R. Brugnera, A. Budano, Mario Buscemi, José Busto, Ilya Butorov, Cabrera, Anatael, Cai, Hao, X. Cai, Yanke Cai, Zhiyan Cai, Antonio Cammi, Agustín Campeny, Chuanya Cao, Cao, Guofu, Jun Cao, R. Caruso, C. Cerna, I. Chakaberia, J. F. Chang, Yun Chang, Pingping Chen, Po-An Chen, Shaomin Chen, Shenjian Chen, Xurong Chen, Yi-Wen Chen, Yixue Chen, Yu Chen, Zhang Chen, Jie Cheng, Yaping Cheng, A. Chepurnov, D. Chiesa, P. Chimenti, A. Chukanov, Anna Chuvashova, Gérard Claverie, Catia Clementi, Barbara Clerbaux, Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo, Daniele Corti, S. Costa, Corso, Flavio Dal, C. De La Taille, Jiawei Deng, Zhi Deng, Deng, Ziyan, Wilfried Depnering, M. Fernández Díaz, Xuefeng Ding, Yayun Ding, Bayu Dirgantara, Sergey Dmitrievsky, Tadeáš Dohnal, Georgy Donchenko, J. Dong, Damien Dornic, E. Doroshkevich, M. Dracos, Frédéric Druillole, Shuxian Du, S. Dusini, Martin Dvořák, T. Enqvist, Heike Enzmann, Andrea Fabbri, L. Fajt, Donghua Fan, Lei Fan, Can Fang, J. Fang, Anna Fatkina, Dmitry Fedoseev, Vladko Fekete, Feng, Li-Cheng, Qichun Feng, R. Ford, A. Formozov, Amélie Fournier, Haonan Gan, Feng Gao, A. Garfagnini, Alexandre Göttel, Christoph Genster, Marco Giammarchi, A. Giaz, Nunzio Giudice, Franco Giuliani, M. Gonchar, G. Gong, Hui Gong, O.E. Gorchakov, Y. Gornushkin, M. Grassi, Christian Grewing, M. Gromov, Vasily Gromov, M. H. Gu, Xiaofei Gu, Yu Gu, Mengyun Guan, Nunzio Guardone, Maria Gul, Cong Guo, Jingyuan Guo, Wanlei Guo, Xin‐Heng Guo, Yuhang Guo, Haacke, Michael, Paul Hackspacher, Caren Hagner, Ran Han, Yang Han, Miao He, Wei He, Tobias Heinz, Patrick Hellmuth, Y. K. Heng, Rafael Herrera, Daojin Hong, S. Hou, Y. Hsiung, Bei-Zhen Hu, H. Hu, Jianrun Hu, Jun Hu, Shouyang Hu, Tao Hu, Z. Hu, Chunhao Huang, Guihong Huang, Hanxiong Huang, Qinhua Huang, Wenhao Huang, Xingtao Huang, Yongbo Huang, Jiaqi Hui, Lei Huo, Wenju Huo, Cédric Huss, Safeer Hussain, A. Insolia, Ara Ioannisian, R. Isocrate, Kuo-Lun Jen, Xiaolu Ji, X. L. Ji, Huihui Jia, Junji Jia, Siyu Jian, Di Jiang, Xiaoshan Jiang, Ruyi Jin, Xiaoping Jing, C. Jollet, Jari Joutsenvaara, Sirichok Jungthawan, Leonidas Kalousis, Philipp Kampmann, Lucas Kang, M. Karagounis, Narine Kazarian, Khan, Amir, Waseem Khan, Khanchai Khosonthongkee, Patrick Kinz, Denis Korablev, Konstantin Kouzakov, Alexey Krasnoperov, Svetlana Krokhaleva, Zinovy Krumshteyn, A. Kruth, Nikolay Kutovskiy, P. Kuusiniemi, Tobias Lachenmaier, Cecilia Landini, Sébastien Leblanc, F. Lefèvre, Lei, Liping, Ruiting Lei, R. Leitner, Jason Leung, Chao Li, Demin Li, Li Fei, Fule Li, Haitao Li, Hui-Ling Li, Jiaqi Li, Jin Li, Kaijie Li, Mengzhao Li, Nan Li, Nan Li, Qingjiang Li, Ruhui Li, Shanfeng Li, Shuaijie Li, Tao Li, Teng Li, Weidong Li, Weiguo Li, Xiaomei Li, Xiaonan Li, Xinglong Li, Yi Li, Yufeng Li, Zhibing Li, Ziyuan Li, Hao Liang, Liang, Hao, Jingjing Liang, Daniel Liebau, A. Limphirat, Sukit Limpijumnong, Guey-Lin Lin, Shengxin Lin, T. Lin, Jiajie Ling, I. Lippi, Fang Liu, Haidong Liu, H. Liu, Hongjuan Liu, Hongtao Liu, Hu Liu, Hui Liu, Jianglai Liu, Jinchang Liu, Min Liu, Qian Liu, Qin Liu, Runxuan Liu, Shuangyu Liu, Shubin Liu, Shulin Liu, Xiaowei Liu, Yan Liu, Alexey Lokhov, P. Lombardi, Claudio Lombardo, Kai Loo, Chuan Lu, Haoqi Lu, Jingbin Lu, Junguang Lu, Shuxiang Lu, Xiaoxu Lu, Б. К. Лубсандоржиев, Sultim Lubsandorzhiev, L. Ludhová, Luo, Fengjiao, Guang Luo, P. W. Luo, Shu Luo, W. Luo, Vladimir Lyashuk, Qiumei Ma, Si Ma, Xiaoyan Ma, Xubo Ma, Jihane Maalmi, Yury Malyshkin, Fabio Mantovani, Francesco Manzali, Xin Mao, Yajun Mao, Stefano Maria Mari, Filippo Marini, Sadia Marium, C. Martellini, G. Martin-Chassard, Agnese Martini, Davit Mayilyan, Axel Müller, Yue Meng, A. Meregaglia, Emanuela Meroni, David Meyhöfer, M. Mezzetto, J. Miller, L. Miramonti, Salvatore Monforte, P. Montini, M. Montuschi, Nikolay Morozov, Pavithra Muralidharan, M. Nastasi, D. Naumov, E. Naumova, I. Nemchenok, А. Г. Николаев, Feipeng Ning, Zhe Ning, Hiroshi Nunokawa, Lothar Oberauer, J. P. Ochoa‐Ricoux, A. Olshevskiy, Domizia Orestano, F. Ortica, Hsiao-Ru Pan, A. Paoloni, Nina Parkalian, S. Parmeggiano, T. Payupol, Yatian Pei, N. Pelliccia, Anguo Peng, H. Peng, F. Perrot, Pierre-Alexandre Petitjean, F. Petrucci, Luis Felipe Piñeres Rico, Artyom Popov, Pascal Poussot, Wathan Pratumwan, E. Previtali, F. Z. Qi, Ming Qi, Sen Qian, Xiaohui Qian, Hao Qiao, Zhonghua Qin, Shoukang Qiu, Muhammad Ali Rajput, G. Ranucci, N. Raper, A. Re, Henning Rebber, Abdel Rebii, Bin Ren, Jie Ren, Taras Rezinko, Barbara Ricci, Markus Robens, Mathieu Roche, Narongkiat Rodphai, A. Romani, Bedřich Roskovec, Christian Roth, Xiangdong Ruan, Xichao Ruan, Saroj Rujirawat, Arseniy Rybnikov, Andrey Sadovsky, P. Saggese, G. Salamanna, S. Sanfilippo, Anut Sangka, Nuanwan Sanguansak, Utane Sawangwit, Julia Sawatzki, Fatma Sawy, Michaela Schever, J. Schuler, Cédric Schwab, Konstantin Schweizer, Dmitry Selivanov, Alexandr Selyunin, Andrea Serafini, Giulio Settanta, M. Settimo, M. A. Shahzad, Gang Shi, Jingyan Shi, Yongjiu Shi, Vitaly Shutov, Andrey Sidorenkov, F. Šimkovic, C. Sirignano, Jaruchit Siripak, M. Sisti, M. Słupecki, Mikhail Smirnov, O. Smirnov, T. J. C. Bezerra, Julanan Songwadhana, Boonrucksar Soonthornthum, A. Sotnikov, Ondřej Šrámek, Warintorn Sreethawong, A. Stahl, L. Stančo, Konstantin Stankevich, Dus Stefanik, Hans Steiger, Jochen Steinmann, Tobias Sterr, Matthias Raphael Stock, Virginia Strati, Alexander Studenikin, Gongxing Sun, Shifeng Sun, Xilei Sun, Yongjie Sun, Yongzhao Sun, N. Suwonjandee, Michal Szelezniak, J. Tang, Qiang Tang, Quan Tang, X. Tang, Alexander Tietzsch, I. Tkachev, Tomáš Tměj, Konstantin Treskov, Andrea Triossi, Giancarlo Troni, W. H. Trzaska, C. Tuvé, Stefan van Waasen, Johannes Vanden Boom, Guillaume Vanroyen, N. Vassilopoulos, Vadim Vedin, G. Verde, Maxim Vialkov, Benoit Viaud, Cristina Volpe, V. Vorobel, L. Votano, Pablo Walker, Caishen Wang, Chung-Hsiang Wang, En Wang, Guoli Wang, Jian Wang, Jun Wang, Kunyu Wang, Lu Wang, Meifen Wang, Meng Wang, Meng Wang, Ruiguang Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Wei Wang, Wenshuai Wang, Xi Wang, Xiangyue Wang, Yangfu Wang, Yaoguang Wang, Yi Wang, Yi Wang, Y. F. Wang, Yuanqing Wang, Yuman Wang, Zhe Wang, Z. Wang, Zhimin Wang, Zongyi Wang, Apimook Watcharangkool, Lianghong Wei, Wei Wei, Yadong Wei, Liangjian Wen, C. H. Wiebusch, Steven Chan-Fai Wong, Bjoern Wonsak, Diru Wu, Fangliang Wu, Qun Wu, W. Wu, Z. D. Wu, Wurm, Michael, Jacques Wurtz, Christian Wysotzki, Yufei Xi, Dongmei Xia, Y. G. Xie, Zhangquan Xie, Zhi‐zhong Xing, Benda Xu, D. L. Xu, Fanrong Xu, Jilei Xu, Jing Xu, M. Xu, Yin Xu, Yu Xu, Baojun Yan, Xiongbo Yan, Yupeng Yan, Anbo Yang, Changgen Yang, Yang, Huan, Jie Yang, Lei Yang, Xiaoyu Yang, Y. F. Yang, Haifeng Yao, Z. Yasin, Jiaxuan Ye, Ziping Ye, Ugur Yegin, F. Yermia, Peihuai Yi, Xiangwei Yin, Z. You, Boxiang Yu, C. Y. Yu, Chunxu Yu, Hongzhao Yu, Miao Yu, Xianghui Yu, Zeyuan Yu, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Ying Yuan, Zhenxiong Yuan, Ziyi Yuan, Bin Yue, Noman Zafar, André Zambanini, Pan Zeng, Shan Zeng, Tingxuan Zeng, Yuda Zeng, Zhan, Liang, Feiyang Zhang, Guoqing Zhang, Haiqiong Zhang, Zhang, Honghao, Jiawen Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jingbo Zhang, Peng Zhang, Qingmin Zhang, Shiqi Zhang, Tao Zhang, Xiaomei Zhang, Xuantong Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yinhong Zhang, Yiyu Zhang, Yongpeng Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yumei Zhang, Zhenyu Zhang, Zhijian Zhang, Fengyi Zhao, Zhao, Jie, Rong Zhao, Zhao, Shujun, Zhao, Tianchi, Dongqin Zheng, H. Zheng, Minshan Zheng, Zheng, Yangheng, Weirong Zhong, Zhou, Jing, L. Zhou, Nan Zhou, Shun Zhou, Xiang Zhou, J. Zhu, Kejun Zhu, Honglin Zhuang, Liang Zong, J. H. Zou · 发表于：arXiv (Cornell University) · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.48550/arxiv.2005.08745 · 被引用次数：70 · 研究领域：Neutrino Physics Research、Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena、Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena

The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO, also known as JUNO-TAO) is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO). A ton-level liquid scintillator detector will be placed at about 30 m from a core of the Taishan Nuclear Power Plant. The reactor antineutrino spectrum will be measured with sub-percent energy resolution, to provide a reference spectrum for future reactor neutrino experiments, and to provide a benchmark measurement to test nuclear databases. A spherical acrylic vessel containing 2.8 ton gadolinium-doped liquid scintillator will be viewed by 10 m^2 Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) of >50% photon detection efficiency with almost full coverage. The photoelectron yield is about 4500 per MeV, an order higher than any existing large-scale liquid scintillator detectors. The detector operates at -50 degree C to lower the dark noise of SiPMs to an acceptable level. The detector will measure about 2000 reactor antineutrinos per day, and is designed to be well shielded from cosmogenic backgrounds and ambient radioactivities to have about 10% background-to-signal ratio. The experiment is expected to start operation in 2022.