The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

作者：Qi Chen, Kongxin Zhu, Xiaohui Liu, Chunlan Zhuang, Xingcheng Huang, Yue Huang, Xingmei Yao, Jiali Quan, Hongyan Lin, Shoujie Huang, Yingying Su, Ting Wu, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia · 发表于：Emerging Microbes & Infections · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1080/22221751.2022.2046446 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、COVID-19 epidemiological studies

The specific antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection may provide protection against a subsequent infection. However, the efficacy and duration of protection provided by naturally acquired immunity against subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection remain controversial. We systematically searched for the literature describing COVID-19 reinfection published before 07 February 2022. The outcomes were the pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) for estimating the risk of subsequent infection. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Statistical analyses were conducted using the R programming language 4.0.2. We identified 19 eligible studies including more than 3.5 million individuals without the history of COVID-19 vaccination. The efficacy of naturally acquired antibodies against reinfection was estimated at 84% (pooled IRR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.14-0.18), with higher efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 cases (pooled IRR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.07-0.12) than asymptomatic infection (pooled IRR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.14-0.54). In the subgroup analyses, the pooled IRRs of COVID-19 infection in health care workers (HCWs) and the general population were 0.22 (95% CI = 0.16-0.31) and 0.14 (95% CI = 0.12-0.17), respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.02), and those in older (over 60 years) and younger (under 60 years) populations were 0.26 (95% CI = 0.15–0.48) and 0.16 (95% CI = 0.14-0.19), respectively. The risk of subsequent infection in the seroposit...