Archeological Sites and Relict Landscapes as Refuge for Biodiversity: Case Study of Alexandria City, Egypt

作者：Selim Z. Heneidy, Yassin M. Al‐Sodany, Laila M. Bidak, Amal M. Fakhry, Sania K. Hamouda, Marwa Waseem A. Halmy, Sulaiman A. Alrumman, Dhafer A. Al‐Bakre, Ebrahem M. Eid, Soliman M. Toto · 发表于：Sustainability · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3390/su14042416 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies、Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies、Botany and Plant Ecology Studies

The role of heritage sites as a shelter for biodiversity is overlooked. Eight archeological sites representing different landscapes in Alexandria City were surveyed, from which 59 stands were sampled between April 2019 and March 2021. The archeological sites and the relictual landscapes are geographically dispersed and are arranged here from west to east, representing the full range of environmental variation within the study area. The selection of stands in each site was based on the area and the variability within the habitats, the physiography, and the levels of disturbance. A composite soil sample was collected from each site. Two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis (DECORANA) were carried out to identify the plant communities in the study area. The recorded taxa, their national geographical distribution, life forms, habitats, chorological types, and vegetation groups are listed. A total of 221 specific taxa, 172 native and 49 alien non-native species (representing some 10.3% of the whole range of Egyptian flora), belonging to 150 genera and 44 families, are reported in the present study. Only two endemic species were recorded in the studied urban habitats. The phytosociological analysis of the sites showed differences among vegetation types found in the archeological sites as a function of the varying degrees of enthronization. A significant effect of archeological site and relictual landscape on species diversity was observed ...