Long-term rice-crayfish-turtle co-culture maintains high crop yields by improving soil health and increasing soil microbial community stability

作者：Peng Li, Guogan Wu, Yujie Li, Cong Hu, Lei Ge, Xianqing Zheng, Juanqin Zhang, Jun Chen, Hanlin Zhang, Naling Bai, Haiyun Zhang, Lili Song, Yu Sun, Wei Jiang, Junwei Jia, Yifan Chen, Cui Wang, Beibei Lv, Wu Xiao, Aihu Pan, Shuangxi Li, Weiguang Lv · 发表于：Geoderma · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115745 · 被引用次数：64 · 研究领域：Agricultural Systems and Practices、Aquaculture disease management and microbiota

Crop and aquatic animal co-culture systems have been used for over 1200 years and can very efficiently utilize nutrients and materials available in agroecology settings. These co-culture systems are sustainable forms of agriculture, and have been extensively practiced worldwide. Microorganisms play critical roles in promoting ecosystem nutrient transformations and material circulations. However, the long-term effects of this farming system on soil health and microbial community stability, in addition to their relationships with rice yields, remain unclear. Here, 7- and 12-year farming experiments with rice-crayfish-turtle (RCT) co-culture systems were conducted and compared against rice monoculture (RM) in a suburb of Shanghai, China. Increased years of RCT farming led to higher contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and available nitrogen (Avail_N), but less total phosphorus (TP) when the same soil layers were compared against the RM treatment. Thus, RCT farming generally had positive effects on soil physiochemical properties across all soil layers. qPCR analyses indicated that RCT farming led to a higher abundance ratio of fungi to bacteria (F:B) in soils than in RM soils, suggesting an improvement in metabolic efficiency and sustainability of these agroecosystems. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that 12-year RCT farming led to much higher soil microbial community diversity. Network analysis of 12-year RCT revealed more abundant microbial networ...