European Society of Cardiology: cardiovascular disease statistics 2021

作者：Adam Timmis, PANOS E. VARDAS, Nick P Townsend, Aleksandra Torbica, Hugo Albert Katus, Delphine De Smedt, Chris P Gale, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Steffen Erhard Petersen, Radu Huculeci, Dzianis Kazakiewicz, Víctor de Benito Rubio, Barbara Ignatiuk, Zahra Raisi‐Estabragh, Agnieszka Pawlak, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Roderick Willem Treskes, Dan Ion Gaiță, John Francis Beltrame, Alex McConnachie, Isabel Bardinet, Ian M Graham, Marcus D Flather, Perry Mark Elliott, Elias A. Mossialos, Franz F. Weidinger, Stephan S. Achenbach, European Society of Cardiology, Lezha Mimoza, Goda Artan, Aurel Demiraj, Mohammed Chettibi, Naima Hammoudi, K Vardanyan, Sergey Pepoyan, Hamayak S. Sisakian, Daniel Scherr, Peter Siostrzonek, Bernhard Metzer, İsah Mustafayev, Tofig Jahangirov, Yasmin Rustamova, Natalya Mitkovskaya, Natalya Shibeka, Valeriy I Stelmashok, Michel De Pauw, Patrizio Lancellotti, Marc J. Claeys, Zumreta Kušljugić, Alen Džubur, Elnur Smajić, Mariya Petkova Tokmakova, VASSIL BORISLAVOV TRAYKOV, Davor Miličić, Marijan Pašalić, Saša Pavasović, Theodoros Christodoulides, Ilias Papasavvas, Christos Eftychiou, Aleš Linhart, Miloš Táborský, Martin Hutyra, Jacob Thorsted Sørensen, Mads Jønsson Andersen, Steen Dalby Kristensen, Magdy Abdelhamid, Khaled Shokry, Priit Kampus, Mika Laine, Matti J. Niemelä, Bernard Iung, Ariel Cohen, Christophe Leclercq, Dali Trapaidze, Kakhaber Etsadashvili, Alexander Aladashvili, Kurt P Bestehorn, Stephan Ernst Baldus, Andreas Michael Zeiher, John Kanakakis, Alexandria Patrianakos, Christina A. Chrysohoou, Zoltán Csanádi, Dávid Becker, Zoltán Járai, Þórdís Jóna Hrafnkelsdóttir, Vincent Maher, Jim Crowley, Barbra Dalton, Arik Wolak, Eyal Ben–Assa, Barak Zafrir, Adriano Murrone, Carmen Spaccarotella, Stefano Urbinati, Berkinbayev Salim, Sakhov Orazbek, Abdrakhmanov Ayan, Gani Bajraktari, Docor Afrim Poniku, Erkin Mirsaidovich Mirrakhimov, Abilova Saamay, Kalysov Kurban, Andrejs Ērglis, Sanda Jēgere, Iveta Bajāre, Malek Mohammed, Antoine Sarkis, Georges Saadeh, Rimvydas Šlapikas, Tomas Lapinskas, Jelena Čelutkienė, Khaled Ellafi, Fathi El Ghamari, Jean Beissel, Cristiana A Banu, Tiziana Felice, Robert George Xuereb, M Popovici, Dorin Mihail Lisii, V Rudi, Aneta Bošković, Miroslav Rabrenović, Samir Ztot, Saädia Abir-Khalil, Joan Gerard Meeder, Albert C. van Rossum, Moniek Elsendoorn, Jorgo Kostov, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Sasko Kedev, Kristin Angel, Ole Christian Mjølstad, Øyvind Bleie, Marek J. Gierlotka, Rafał Dąbrowski, Piotr Jankowski, Sérgio Bravo Baptista, Jorge Ferreira, Victor Machado Gil, Elisabeta Bădilă, Dan Ion Gaiță, Bogdan Alexandru Popescu, Evgeny V. Shlyakhto, Н. Э. Звартау, Evgenia Kotova, Marina Foscoli, Marco Zavatta, Sinisa M. Stojkovic, Milorad B. Tesic, Stefan Juričić, Gabriela Kaliská, Róbert Hatala, Peter Hlivák, Zlatko Fras, Matjaž Bunc, Andrej Pernat, Angel R. Cequier, Manuel P. Anguita, Javier Muñiz, Bengt W. Johansson, Pyotr G. Platonov, David Carballo, Marjam Rüdiger-Stürchler, Felix Christoph Tanner, Hussam Eddin Shebli, Samer Kabbani, Leïla Abid, Faouzi Addad, Salem Ben Abdessalem, Vedat Aytekın, İlyas Atar, Volodymyr Kovalenko, Elena G Nesukay, Andrew Archbold, Upasana Tayal, Chris Wilkinson, Ravshanbek D. Kurbanov, Khurshid G. Fozilov, Mirakhmadjon Mirmaksudov, Dennis Boateng, Ghislain Daval, Ganna Momotyuk, David Sebastiao · 发表于：European Heart Journal · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1093/eurheartj/ehab892 · 被引用次数：1141 · 研究领域：Streptococcal Infections and Treatments、Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments、Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

AIMS: This report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas Project updates and expands upon the widely cited 2019 report in presenting cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics for the 57 ESC member countries. METHODS AND RESULTS: Statistics pertaining to 2019, or the latest available year, are presented. Data sources include the World Health Organization, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the World Bank, and novel ESC sponsored data on human and capital infrastructure and cardiovascular healthcare delivery. New material in this report includes sociodemographic and environmental determinants of CVD, rheumatic heart disease, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, left-sided valvular heart disease, the advocacy potential of these CVD statistics, and progress towards World Health Organization (WHO) 2025 targets for non-communicable diseases. Salient observations in this report: (i) Females born in ESC member countries in 2018 are expected to live 80.8 years and males 74.8 years. Life expectancy is longer in high income (81.6 years) compared with middle-income (74.2 years) countries. (ii) In 2018, high-income countries spent, on average, four times more on healthcare than middle-income countries. (iii) The median PM2.5 concentrations in 2019 were over twice as high in middle-income ESC member countries compared with high-income countries and exceeded the EU air quality standard in 14 countries, all middle-income. (iv) In 2016, more than one in five adults across ...