Volumetric and multispectral DWI near metallic implants using a non‐linear phase Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill diffusion preparation

作者：Philip K. Lee, Daehyun Yoon, Jesse K. Sandberg, Shreyas Vasanawala, Brian A. Hargreaves · 发表于：Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/mrm.29153 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications、Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications、Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography

Purpose DWI near metal implants has not been widely explored due to substantial challenges associated with through‐slice and in‐plane distortions, the increased encoding requirement of different spectral bins, and limited SNR. There is no widely adopted clinical protocol for DWI near metal since the commonly used EPI trajectory fails completely due to distortion from extreme off‐resonance ranging from 2 to 20 kHz. We present a sequence that achieves DWI near metal with moderate b‐values (400–500 s/mm 2 ) and volumetric coverage in clinically feasible scan times. Theory and Methods Multispectral excitation with Cartesian sampling, view angle tilting, and kz phase encoding reduce in‐plane and through‐plane off‐resonance artifacts, and Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill (CPMG) spin‐echo refocusing trains counteract T2* effects. The effect of random phase on the refocusing train is eliminated using a stimulated echo diffusion preparation. Root‐flipped Shinnar‐Le Roux refocusing pulses permits preparation of a high spectral bandwidth, which improves imaging times by reducing the number of excitations required to cover the desired spectral range. B 1 sensitivity is reduced by using an excitation that satisfies the CPMG condition in the preparation. A method for ADC quantification insensitive to background gradients is presented. Results Non‐linear phase refocusing pulses reduces the peak B 1 by 46% which allows RF bandwidth to be doubled. Simulations and phantom experiments show that a non‐...