A Stiffness‐Switchable, Biomimetic Smart Material Enabled by Supramolecular Reconfiguration

作者：Dawei Zhao, Bo Pang, Ying Zhu, Wanke Cheng, Kaiyue Cao, Dongdong Ye, Chuanling Si, Guangwen Xu, Chaoji Chen, Haipeng Yu · 发表于：Advanced Materials · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1002/adma.202107857 · 被引用次数：189 · 研究领域：Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials、Polymer composites and self-healing、Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition

Abstract In nature, stiffness‐changing behavior is essential for living organisms, which, however, is challenging to achieve in synthetic materials. Here, a stiffness‐changing smart material, through developing interchangeable supramolecular configurations inspired from the dermis of the sea cucumber, which shows extreme, switchable mechanical properties, is reported. In the hydrated state, the material, possessing a stretched, double‐stranded supramolecular network, showcases a soft‐gel behavior with a low stiffness and high pliability. Upon the stimulation of ethanol to transform into the coiled supramolecular configuration, it self‐adjusts to a hard state with nearly 500‐times enhanced stiffness from 0.51 to 243.6 MPa, outstanding load‐bearing capability (over 35 000 times its own weight), and excellent puncture/impact resistance with a specific impact strength of ≈116 kJ m −2 (g cm −3 ) −1 (higher than some metals and alloys such as aluminum, and even comparable to the commercially available protective materials such as D3O and Kevlar). Moreover, this material demonstrates reconfiguration‐dependent self‐healing behavior and designable formability, holding great promise in advanced engineering fields that require both high‐strength durability and good formability. This work may open up a new perspective for the development of self‐regulating materials from supramolecular‐scale configuration regulation.