Incidence, risk factors and mortality of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with influenza: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

作者：Changcheng Shi, Qiyuan Shan, Junbo Xia, Liusheng Wang, Liusheng Wang, Linling Wang, Linling Wang, Lei Qiu, Yaping Xie, Nengming Lin, Limin Wang, Limin Wang · 发表于：Mycoses · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1111/myc.13410 · 被引用次数：68 · 研究领域：Antifungal resistance and susceptibility、Infectious Diseases and Mycology、Fungal Infections and Studies

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of cases of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) complicating influenza have been described. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of IPA in patients with influenza. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to 31 August 2021 for eligible studies. Data on the incidence and risk factors of and mortality due to IPA in influenza patients were pooled using a random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses restricted to severe influenza requiring intensive care unit (ICU) support and multiple subgroup analyses were performed. RESULTS: Fourteen studies involving 6024 hospitalised patients with influenza were included. IPA was estimated to occur in 10% of influenza patients, with a mortality rate of 52%. Similar incidence (11%) and mortality (54%) estimates for IPA were observed in the sensitivity analysis including severe cases requiring ICU support. Subgroup analysis by geographical location showed a similar IPA rate between European (10%) and non-European (11%) studies. The IPA rate in the subset of nine studies using the modified AspICU criteria was 13%. Most subgroup analyses showed ≥50% mortality in IPA patients. Several predictors for IPA susceptibility were identified, including male sex, smoking history, chronic lung disease, influenza A (H1N1), severe conditions requiring supportive therapy, corticosteroid use before admission...