Bioactive PKS–NRPS Alkaloids from the Plant-Derived Endophytic Fungus Xylaria arbuscula

作者：Ya Wang, Sinan Zhao, Tao Guo, Li Li, Tantan Li, Anqi Wang, Dandan Zhang, Yanlei Wang, Yi Sun · 发表于：Molecules · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3390/molecules27010136 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis、Fungal Biology and Applications、Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology

A novel hybrid PKS–NRPS alkaloid, xylarialoid A (1), containing a 13-membered macrocyclic moiety and [5,5,6] fused tricarbocyclic rings, together with ten known cytochalasins (2–11), was isolated from a plant-derived endophytic fungus, Xylaria arbuscula. The chemical structures of all compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR, HR ESIMS spectroscopic analyses, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Compounds 1–3 and 10 exhibited significant antitumor activities against A549 and Hep G2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.6–19.6 μM. In addition, compound 1 showed potent anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (IC50, 6.6 μM).