Anti-prothrombin autoantibodies enriched after infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenced by strength of antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 proteins

作者：Marc Emmenegger, Sreedhar Saseendran Kumar, Vishalini Emmenegger, Tomas Malinauskas, Thomas Buettner, Laura Rose, Peter Schierack, Martin F. Sprinzl, Clemens Sommer, Karl J. Lackner, Adriano Aguzzi, Dirk Roggenbuck, Katrin Frauenknecht · 发表于：PLoS Pathogens · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1371/journal.ppat.1010118 · 被引用次数：42 · 研究领域：COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis、SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), assumed to cause antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), are notorious for their heterogeneity in targeting phospholipids and phospholipid-binding proteins. The persistent presence of Lupus anticoagulant and/or aPL against cardiolipin and/or β2-glycoprotein I have been shown to be independent risk factors for vascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity in APS. aPL production is thought to be triggered by-among other factors-viral infections, though infection-associated aPL have mostly been considered non-pathogenic. Recently, the potential pathogenicity of infection-associated aPL has gained momentum since an increasing number of patients infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been described with coagulation abnormalities and hyperinflammation, together with the presence of aPL. Here, we present data from a multicentric, mixed-severity study including three cohorts of individuals who contracted SARS-CoV-2 as well as non-infected blood donors. We simultaneously measured 10 different criteria and non-criteria aPL (IgM and IgG) by using a line immunoassay. Further, IgG antibody response against three SARS-CoV-2 proteins was investigated using tripartite automated blood immunoassay technology. Our analyses revealed that selected non-criteria aPL were enriched concomitant to or after an infection with SARS-CoV-2. Linear mixed-effects models suggest an association of aPL with prothrombin (PT). The strength of the a...