Protective Effect of l -Theanine against DSS-Induced Colitis by Regulating the Lipid Metabolism and Reducing Inflammation via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

作者：Longlin Zhang, Xiaofeng Yao, Mengmeng Ma, Yanan Ding, Haihan Zhang, Xi He, Zehe Song · 发表于：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05839 · 被引用次数：55 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Microbial Metabolism and Applications、Probiotics and Fermented Foods

The present study revealed the phylactic effects of l-theanine on a DSS-induced colitis mice model. The results showed that 3% DSS treatment significantly induced intestinal damage as reflected by DAI, histopathological feature, and colon length, while l-theanine pretreatment markedly prevented these trends to exert protective effects. Meanwhile, l-theanine pretreatment decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX2 on DSS-induced colitis. Notably, DSS inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, thereby damaging the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier, whereas l-theanine also played a protective role by attenuating these deteriorated effects. It was also observed that l-theanine treatment downregulated the levels of p-p65, p65, p-p53, p53, and p-AKT protein expression in acute DSS-induced colitis, which showed the protective function of l-theanine, mainly via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, the results of lipid analysis and transcriptome analysis show that l-theanine reversed transcriptional profiles and lipid profiles of colitis models, mainly via the inflammatory reactivity-related pathway. Interestingly, the correlation analysis between transcriptional profiles and lipid profiles showed that inflammatory response-related genes were almost significantly correlated with differential lipid metabolites. In summary, l-theanine plays a protective role in DSS-induced colitis via downregulating the NF-κB s...