Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant Actions of Polyphenols From Grapevine and Wine By-Products-Base for Complementary Therapy in Ischemic Heart Diseases

作者：Veronica Sanda Chedea, Liliana Lucia Tomoiagă, Ștefan Octavian Macovei, Dan Claudiu Măgureanu, Maria Iliescu, Ioana Corina Bocșan, Anca Dana Buzoianu, Crinuţa Maria Voşloban, Raluca Maria Pop · 发表于：Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3389/fcvm.2021.750508 · 被引用次数：72 · 研究领域：Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities、Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine、Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

Grape pomace and grape seeds, by-products of the wine industry, and grapevine cane resulting from grapevine pruning are cheap matrices containing important amounts of polyphenols. While there is a continuous need of introducing new ways of these by-products valorization, we propose their use as a source of bioactive polyphenols for complementary therapy in ischemic heart diseases. As oxidative stress plays an important role in these diseases, by their antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties, these compounds, mainly flavan-3-ols, procyanidins, and resveratrol may counteract the damage of the oxidative stress. For instance, to some extent, the grape seed extract, considered as an antioxidant nutritive supplement, may have pro-oxidant activity as well, depending on dose, duration of administration, and other dietary components.In vitrostudies confirm that the antioxidant activity of this extract might be mediated by pro-oxidanto-quinones and oxidation products of the polyphenols from grape and winery byproducts, indicating that quinones, as oxidation products, are involved in the modulation of the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance at the cellular level in the case of catechin-type compounds, in the absence or presence of oxidative stress inducers.In vivo, studies indicate that a grape pomace-rich diet results in a significant increase of the total antioxidant status in the plasma, liver, spleen, and kidneys. Also, the administration of grape pomace shows antioxidant activity with posit...