Follow-Up Study of the Cardiopulmonary and Psychological Outcomes of COVID-19 Survivors Six Months After Discharge in Sichuan, China

作者：Shuiping Dai, Bennan Zhao, Dafeng Liu, Yongzhao Zhou, Yaling Liu, Lijuan Lan, Yalun Li, Wenxin Luo, Yilan Zeng, Weimin Li · 发表于：International Journal of General Medicine · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.2147/ijgm.s337604 · 被引用次数：13 · 研究领域：Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects

PURPOSE: Some studies have shown that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still have sequelae after discharge. However, little is known about the long-term physical and psychological sequelae of patients, especially factors that influenced the prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with COVID-19 were followed up for 6 months. The psychological status of patients was evaluated by DASS-21 questionnaire, while physical functions were determined using medical history, laboratory examination, thoracic computed tomography (CT), and echocardiography. RESULTS: Fifty patients infected with COVID-19 were enrolled, and 11 (22%) patients still showed symptoms related to COVID-19. The mean contents (cells/ul) of CD3+ cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T, B lymphocytes and NK cells of the survivors elevated significantly after 6-month discharge (P < 0.001). The frequency of ground-glass opacities and consolidations decreased from 90% to 42% (P < 0.001), and 54% to 20%, (P = 0.001), respectively, while the changes of reticulation and bronchiectasis were insignificant (P > 0.05). The frequency of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction decreased from 40% to 15% (P = 0.002). Depression was observed in 5 (12.5%) participants, stress in 3 (7.5%), anxiety in 6 (15%), and among them 1 (2.5%) showed extremely severe anxiety. Covariation analysis elucidated age might be a risk factor (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.18, P = 0.038), while NK cell was a good prognostic factor for pulmonary recovery. The c...