Rhizosphere Bacteria in Plant Growth Promotion, Biocontrol, and Bioremediation of Contaminated Sites: A Comprehensive Review of Effects and Mechanisms

作者：Qudsia Saeed, Xiukang Wang, Fasih Ullah Haider, Jiří Kučerík, Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz, Jiří Holátko, Munaza Naseem, Antonín Kintl, Mukkaram Ejaz, Muhammad Naveed, Martin Brtnický, Adnan Mustafa · 发表于：International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3390/ijms221910529 · 被引用次数：569 · 研究领域：Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity、Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis、Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions

Agriculture in the 21st century is facing multiple challenges, such as those related to soil fertility, climatic fluctuations, environmental degradation, urbanization, and the increase in food demand for the increasing world population. In the meanwhile, the scientific community is facing key challenges in increasing crop production from the existing land base. In this regard, traditional farming has witnessed enhanced per acre crop yields due to irregular and injudicious use of agrochemicals, including pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, but at a substantial environmental cost. Another major concern in modern agriculture is that crop pests are developing pesticide resistance. Therefore, the future of sustainable crop production requires the use of alternative strategies that can enhance crop yields in an environmentally sound manner. The application of rhizobacteria, specifically, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as an alternative to chemical pesticides has gained much attention from the scientific community. These rhizobacteria harbor a number of mechanisms through which they promote plant growth, control plant pests, and induce resistance to various abiotic stresses. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of rhizobacteria involved in plant growth promotion, biocontrol of pests, and bioremediation of contaminated soils. It also focuses on the effects of PGPR inoculation on plant growth survival under environmental stress. Furthermore, ...