Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

作者：Jorge R Ledesma, Jianing Ma, Avina Vongpradith, Emilie R Maddison, Amanda Novotney, Molly H Biehl, Kate E LeGrand, Jennifer M. Ross, Deepa Jahagirdar, Dana Bryazka, Rachel Feldman, Hassan Abolhassani, Akine Eshete Abosetugn, Eman Abu‐Gharbieh, Oladimeji Adebayo, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Saira Afzal, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Sajjad Ahmad, Sepideh Ahmadi, Tarik A. Rashid, Yusra Ahmed Salih, Addis Aklilu, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Hanadi Al Hamad, Fares Alahdab, Yosef Alemayehu, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Vahid Alipour, Hesam Alizade, Rajaa Al‐Raddadi, Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán, Saeed Amini, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Jason A Anderson, Sofia Androudi, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Catherine M Antony, Razique Anwer, Jalal Arabloo, Asrat Arja, Mulusew Andualem Asemahagn, Sachin Atre, Gulrez Shah Azhar, B B Darshan, Zaheer‐Ud‐Din Babar, Atif Amin Baig, Maciej Banach, Hiba Jawdat Barqawi, Fabio Barra, Amadou Barrow, Sanjay Basu, Uzma Belgaumi, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Natalia V. Bhattacharjee, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Archith Boloor, Н. И. Брико, Danilo Buonsenso, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Zahid A Butt, Austin Carter, Félix Carvalho, Jaykaran Charan, Souranshu Chatterjee, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher, Dinh‐Toi Chu, Mareli Claassens, Omid Dadras, Amare Belachew Dagnew, Xiaochen Dai, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Deepak Dhamnetiya, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Daniel Díaz, Linh Phuong Doan, Sahar Eftekharzadeh, Muhammed Elhadi, Amir Emami, Shymaa Enany, Emerito Jose A Faraon, Farshad Farzadfar, Eduarda Fernandes, Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Masoud Foroutan, Tahvi Frank, Alberto L. García‐Basteiro, Christian García, Tushar Garg, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Keyghobad Ghadiri, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Mahaveer Golechha, Amador Goodridge, Bhawna Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Gupta, Mohammad Rifat Haider, Samer Hamidi, Asif Hanif, Shafiul Haque, Harapan Harapan, Arief Hargono, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Abdiwahab Hashi, Shoaib Hassan, Hadi Hassankhani, Khezar Hayat, Kamal Hezam, Ramesh Holla, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Mowafa Househ, Rabia Hussain, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Irena Ilić, Milena Ilić, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail, Ramaiah Itumalla, Jalil Jaafari, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Vardhmaan Jain, Fatemeh Javanmardi, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Shubha Jayaram, Ravi Prakash Jha, Jost B Jonas, Nitin Joseph, Farahnaz Joukar, Zubair Kabir, Ashwin Kamath, Tanuj Kanchan, Himal Kandel, Patrick DMC Katoto, Gbenga A Kayode, Parkes Kendrick, Amene Abebe Kerbo, Himanshu Khajuria, Rovshan Khalilov, Khaled Khatab, Abdullah T Khoja, Jagdish Khubchandani, Min Seo Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Adnan Kısa, Sezer Kısa, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A Koul, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Burcu Küçük Biçer, Avinash Kumar, G Anil Kumar, Narinder Kumar, Nithin Kumar, Alexander Kwarteng, Hassan Mehmood Lak, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Iván Landires, Savita Lasrado, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Wei‐Chen Lee, Christine Lin, Xuefeng Liu, Platon D Lopukhov, Rafael Lozano, Daiane Borges Machado, Shilpashree Madhava Kunjathur, Deepak Madi, Preetam Mahajan, Azeem Majeed, Ahmad Azam Malik, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins‐Melo, Saurabh Mehta, Ziad A. Memish, Walter Mendoza, Ritesh G. Menezes, Hayimro Edemealem Merie, Amanual Getnet Mersha, Mohamed Kamal Mesregah, Tomislav Meštrović, Nour Mheidly Mheidly, Sanjeev Misra, Prasanna Mithra, Masoud Moghadaszadeh, Mokhtar Mohammadi, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Shafiu Mohammed, Mariam Molokhia, Mohammad Ali Moni, Ahmed Al Montasir, Catrin E. Moore, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Sanjeev Nair, Suma Nair, Atta Abbas Naqvi, Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy, Biswa Prakash Nayak, Javad Nazari, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Molly R Nixon, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Bogdan Oancea, Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya, Andrew T Olagunju, Eyal Oren, P A Mahesh, Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Sanjay Pattanshetty, Rajan Paudel, Pintu Paul, Shrikant Pawar, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Norberto Perico, Majid Pirestani, Р. В. Полибин, Maarten J. Postma, Akram Pourshams, Akila Prashant, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Vafa Rahimi‐Movaghar, Mahfuzar Rahman, Mosiur Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Priyanga Ranasinghe, Chythra R Rao, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Marissa B Reitsma, Giuseppe Remuzzi, André M. N. Renzaho, Melese Abate Reta, Nima Rezaei, Omid Rezahosseini, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai, Aziz Rezapour, Gholamreza Roshandel, Denis O Roshchin, Siamak Sabour, KM Saif‐Ur‐Rahman, Nasir Salam, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Mehrnoosh Samaei, Abdallah M Samy, Satish Saroshe, Benn Sartorius, Brijesh Sathian, Susan M. Sawyer, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Allen Seylani, Omid Shafaat, Masood Ali Shaikh, Kiomars Sharafi, Ranjitha S Shetty, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, João Pedro Silva, Jitendra Kumar Singh, Smriti Sinha, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Mu’awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Takahiro Tabuchi, Eyayou Girma Tadesse, Zemenu Tamir, Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang, Yohannes Tekalegn, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Belay Tessema, Rekha Thapar, Imad M. Tleyjeh, Ruoyan Tobe-Gai, Bach Xuan Tran, Berhan Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye, Anayat Ullah, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Bay Vo, Giang Thu Vu, Yasir Waheed, Magdalene K Walters, Joanna L Whisnant, Mesfin Agachew Woldekidan, Befikadu Legesse Wubishet, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Taklo Simeneh Yazie, Yigizie Yeshaw, Siyan Yi, Vahit Yiğit, Naohiro Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Ismaeel Yunusa, Михаил Сергеевич Застрожин, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Alimuddin Zumla, Ali H. Mokdad, Joshua A. Salomon, Robert C. Reiner, Stephen S Lim, Mohsen Naghavi, Theo Vos, Simon I Hay, Christopher J L Murray, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu · 发表于：The Lancet Infectious Diseases · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00449-7 · 被引用次数：178 · 研究领域：Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology、Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis、Immune responses and vaccinations

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes, for HIV-...