A comprehensive survey of bat sarbecoviruses across China for the origin tracing of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

作者：Zhìqiáng Wú, Yelin Han, Yuyang Wang, Bo Liu, Lamei Zhao, Junpeng Zhang, Haoxiang Su, Wenliang Zhao, Liguo Liu, Shibin Bai, Jie Dong, Lilian Sun, Yafang Zhu, Siyu Zhou, Yiping Song, Hongtao Sui, Jian Yang, Jianwei Wang, Shuyi Zhang, Zhaohui Qian, Qi Jin · 发表于：Research Square · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.21203/rs.3.rs-885194/v1 · 被引用次数：17 · 研究领域：SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research、COVID-19 epidemiological studies

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 have been thought to originate from bat, but whether the cross-species transmission occurred directly from bat to human or through an intermediate host remains elusive. In this study, we performed CoV screening of 102 samples collected from animal-selling stalls of Wuhan Huanan Market (WHM) and pharyngeal and anal swabs from13,064 bats collected at 703 locations across China, covering almost all known southern hotspots for sarbecovirus, between 2016 and 2021. This is the first systematic survey of bat CoV in China during the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019. We found four non-sarbeco CoVs in samples of WHM, and 142 SARS-CoV related CoVs (SARSr-CoV) and 4 recombinant CoVs in bats, of which YN2020B-G share the highest sequence identity with SARS-CoV among all known bat CoVs, suggesting endemic SARSr-CoVs in bats in China. However, we did not find any SARS-CoV-2 related CoVs (SC2r-CoV) in any samples, including specimens collected from the only two domestic places where RaTG13 and RmYN02 were previously reported (the Tongguan caves and the karst caves around the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden), indicating that SC2r-CoVs might not actively circulate among bats in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there are three different lineages of sarbecoviruses, L1 (SARSr-CoV), L2 (SC2r-CoV), and L-R (a novel CoV lineage from L1 and L2 recombination), in China. Of note, L-R CoVs are only foun...