Differential antibody dynamics to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

作者：Yuezhou Chen, Pei Tong, Noah B. Whiteman, Ali Sanjari Moghaddam, Adam Zuiani, Shaghayegh Habibi, Avneesh Gautam, Tianshu Xiao, Yongfei Cai, Bing Chen, Duane R. Wesemann · 发表于：bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1101/2021.09.09.459504 · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches、Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research

ABSTRACT Optimal immune responses furnish long-lasting (durable) antibodies protective across dynamically mutating viral variants (broad). To assess robustness of mRNA vaccine-induced immunity, we compared antibody durability and breadth after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. While vaccination delivered robust initial virus-specific antibodies with some cross-variant coverage, pre-variant SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced antibodies, while modest in magnitude, showed highly stable long-term antibody dynamics. Vaccination after infection induced maximal antibody magnitudes with enhanced longitudinal stability while infection-naïve vaccinee antibodies fell with time to post-infection-alone levels. The composition of antibody neutralizing activity to variant relative to original virus also differed between groups, with infection-induced antibodies demonstrating greater relative breadth. Differential antibody durability trajectories favored COVID-19-recovered subjects with dual memory B cell features of greater early antibody somatic mutation and cross-coronavirus reactivity. By illuminating an infection-mediated antibody breadth advantage and an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody durability-enhancing function conferred by recalled immunity, these findings may serve as guides for ongoing vaccine strategy improvement.