Functional diversity loss and change in nocturnal behavior of mammals under anthropogenic disturbance

作者：Xueyou Li, Wenqiang Hu, William V. Bleisch, Quan Li, Hongjiao Wang, Lu Wen, Jun Sun, Fuyou Zhang, Bu Ti, Xuelong Jiang · 发表于：Conservation Biology · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1111/cobi.13839 · 被引用次数：65 · 研究领域：Circadian rhythm and melatonin、Species Distribution and Climate Change、Bat Biology and Ecology Studies

In the Anthropocene, understanding the impacts of anthropogenic influence on biodiversity and behavior of vulnerable wildlife communities is increasingly relevant to effective conservation. However, comparative studies aimed at disentangling the concurrent effect of different types of human disturbance on multifaceted biodiversity and on activity patterns of mammals are surprisingly rare. We applied a multiregion community model to separately estimate the effects of cumulative human modification (e.g., settlement, agriculture, and transportation) and human presence (aggregated presence of dogs, people, and livestock) on species richness and functional composition of medium- and large-bodied mammals based on camera trap data collected across 45 subtropical montane forests. We divided the detected mammal species into three trophic guilds-carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores-and assessed the nocturnal shifts of each guild in response to anthropogenic activities. Overall, species richness tended to increase (β coefficient = 0.954) as human modification increased but richness decreased as human presence increased (β = -1.054). Human modification was associated with significantly lower functional diversity (mean nearest taxon distance [MNTD], β = -0.134; standardized effect sizes of MNTD, β = -0.397), community average body mass (β = -0.240), and proportion of carnivores (β = -0.580). Human presence was associated with a strongly reduced proportion of herbivores (β = -0.522), wher...