A review on phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, drug interactions, and associated toxicities of licorice ( Glycyrrhiza sp.)

作者：Islam Husain, Kiran Bala, Ikhlas A. Khan, Shabana I. Khan · 发表于：Food Frontiers · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1002/fft2.110 · 被引用次数：99 · 研究领域：Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds、Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies、Phytochemistry and biological activity of medicinal plants

Abstract Since the beginning, human beings have consistently been using plants and their components for the prevention and treatment of various ailments. However, in the last few decades, plant‐based medicines and health supplements are gaining more acceptability and rapid popularity. Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza sp.) is a terrestrial herb belonging to the family Fabaceae and primarily cultivated in European, Middle Eastern, and South Asian countries. Ethnomedicinal uses of licorice have frequently been described in the world's renowned medical systems, including Ayurveda, Unani, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, African, and European traditional medical systems. To date, 30 species of licorice are known, and among them, G . glabra , G . inflata , and G . uralensis are significantly explored for nutritional and pharmacological benefits. The wide range of commercially available products, including herbal preparations, health supplements, cosmetics, and food and feeds preparations use licorice as active ingredient. Glabridin, licochalcone A, glycyrrhizin, and 18‐glycyrrhetinic acid are the notable phytochemicals isolated from licorice and immensely explored for biological and pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, the excessive intake of licorice has also been associated with a wide spectrum of adverse effects on human health. Among them, several are reported to be mediated by modulation of drug‐metabolizing cytochrome P‐450 enzymes. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive desc...