Association Between Neonatal Thyroid Function and Anogenital Distance from Birth to 48 Months of Age

作者：Min Luan, Hong Liang, Guanghong Fang, Ziliang Wang, Xiujuan Su, Aimin Chen, Maohua Miao, Wei Yuan · 发表于：Frontiers in Endocrinology · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3389/fendo.2021.736505 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Thyroid Disorders and Treatments、Birth, Development, and Health、Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies

Background Evidence from animal studies has indicated that neonatal thyroid function is vital for the reproductive development. Anogenital distance (AGD), a sensitive biomarker of the fetal hormonal milieu, can be used to predict adult reproductive disorders. However, few human studies have examined the association between neonatal thyroid function and AGD. We aimed to explore their associations in a birth cohort study. Methods Concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (THs), including total triiodothyronine (TT 3 ), total thyroxine (TT 4 ), free triiodothyronine (FT 3 ), and free thyroxine (FT 4 ) were measured in cord plasma in the Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort. The offspring AGD (AGD AP [anus–penis] and AGD AS [anus–scrotum] for boys and AGD AC [anus–clitoris] and AGD AF [anus–fourchette] for girls), body weight and anogenital index (AGI = AGD/weight [mm/kg]) were obtained at each follow-up visit. In total, 344 children (194 boys and 150 girls) with cord plasma concentrations of THs and TSH and at least one AGD measurement at birth and at 6, 12, and 48 months of age were included. Multiple linear regression and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to examine the associations of cord plasma concentrations of THs and TSH with AGI. Results Multiple linear regression models showed inverse associations of TT 4 , FT 3 , and FT 4 with female AGI, although statistical significance was only reached at birth, 6 and 48 months of age. T...