Demographic and epidemiological decomposition analysis of global changes in suicide rates and numbers over the period 1990–2019

作者：PAUL S. F. YIP, Yan Peng Zheng, Clifford Long Hin Wong · 发表于：Injury Prevention · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1136/injuryprev-2021-044263 · 被引用次数：51 · 研究领域：Suicide and Self-Harm Studies、Gun Ownership and Violence Research、COVID-19 and Mental Health

BACKGROUND: Suicide presents an ongoing public health challenge internationally. Nearly 800 000 people around the world lose their life to suicide every year, and many more attempt suicide. METHODS: A decomposition analysis was performed using global suicide mortality and population data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. RESULTS: Despite a significant decrease in age-specific suicide rate between 1990 and 2019 (-4.01; from 13.8% to 9.8% per 100 000), the overall numbers of suicide deaths increased by 19 897 (from 738 799 to 758 696) in the same time period. The reductions in age-specific suicide rates (-6.09; 152%) contributed to the overall reductions in suicide rates; however, this was offset by overtime changes in population age structure (2.08; -52%). The increase in suicide numbers was partly attributable to population growth (300 942; 1512.5%) and population age structure (189 512; 952.4%), which was attenuated by the significant reduction in overall suicide rates (-470 556; 2364.9%). The combined effect of these factors varied across the World Bank income level regions. For example, in the upper-middle-income level region, the effect of the reduction in age-specific suicide rates (-289 731; -1456.1%) exceeded the effect of population age structure (124 577; 626.1%) and population growth (83 855; 421.4%), resulting in its substantial decline in total suicide deaths (-81 298; -408.6%). However, in lower-middle income region, there was a notable increase in su...