Unique Glutelin Expression Patterns and Seed Endosperm Structure Facilitate Glutelin Accumulation in Polyploid Rice Seed

作者：Lu Gan, Baosheng Huang, Zhaojian Song, Yachun Zhang, Yujie Zhang, Si Chen, Liqi Tong, Zhisong Wei, Lingxiang Yu, Xiangbo Luo, Xianhua Zhang, Detian Cai, Yuchi He · 发表于：Rice · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1186/s12284-021-00500-0 · 被引用次数：35 · 研究领域：Plant Reproductive Biology、Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis、Transgenic Plants and Applications

BACKGROUND: Rice is not only an essential food but also a source of high quality protein. Polyploidy is an evolutionary trajectory in plants, and enhancing glutelin by polyploidization is an attractive strategy for improving the nutritional value of rice seeds and presents a great potential for enhancing the commercial value of rice. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying glutelin synthesis and accumulation in tetraploid rice is of great significance. RESULTS: To enhance the nutritional value of rice, we developed tetraploid rice and evaluated the contents of various nutrient elements in mature seeds. The results revealed a significant increase in protein contents, including the total seed storage proteins, glutelins, and amino acids in tetraploid rice when compared with those in diploid rice. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analyses of seeds revealed that glutelins regulated by several glutelin genes in 9311-4x were significantly up-regulated (≥1.5-fold), which was further verified by immunoblot analyses. In addition, temporal expression patterns of various glutelin subunits in different rice lines were investigated. The results revealed significant differences in the expression patterns between diploid and tetraploid rice seeds. Cytohistological analyses results revealed that the thickness of aleurone cell layers increased significantly by 32% in tetraploid rice, the structures of protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in sub-aleurone cells were more diverse and abunda...