Visual experience modulates whole‐brain connectivity dynamics: A resting‐state fMRI study using the model of radiologists

作者：Yue Wang, Chenwang Jin, Zhongliang Yin, Hongmei Wang, Ming Ji, Minghao Dong, Jimin Liang · 发表于：Human Brain Mapping · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1002/hbm.25563 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Functional Brain Connectivity Studies、Face Recognition and Perception、Radiology practices and education

Visual expertise refers to proficiency in visual recognition. It is attributed to accumulated visual experience in a specific domain and manifests in widespread neural activities that extend well beyond the visual cortex to multiple high-level brain areas. An extensive body of studies has centered on the neural mechanisms underlying a distinctive domain of visual expertise, while few studies elucidated how visual experience modulates resting-state whole-brain connectivity dynamics. The current study bridged this gap by modeling the subtle alterations in interregional spontaneous connectivity patterns with a group of superior radiological interns. Functional connectivity analysis was based on functional brain segmentation, which was derived from a data-driven clustering approach to discriminate subtle changes in connectivity dynamics. Our results showed there was radiographic visual experience accompanied with integration within brain circuits supporting visual processing and decision making, integration across brain circuits supporting high-order functions, and segregation between high-order and low-order brain functions. Also, most of these alterations were significantly correlated with individual nodule identification performance. Our results implied that visual expertise is a controlled, interactive process that develops from reciprocal interactions between the visual system and multiple top-down factors, including semantic knowledge, top-down attentional control, and task...