SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust adaptive immune responses regardless of disease severity

作者：Stine Sofie Frank Nielsen, Line K. Vibholm, Ida Monrad, Rikke Olesen, Giacomo Schmidt Frattari, Marie Høst Pahus, Jesper Falkesgaard Højen, Jesper Damsgaard Gunst, Christian Erikstrup, Andreas Holleufer, Rune Hartmann, Lars Jørgen Østergaard, Ole Schmeltz Søgaard, Mariane Høgsbjerg Schleimann, Martin Tolstrup · 发表于：EBioMedicine · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103410 · 被引用次数：86 · 研究领域：SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、Immune responses and vaccinations、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic currently prevails worldwide. To understand the immunological signature of SARS-CoV-2 infections and aid the search and evaluation of new treatment modalities and vaccines, comprehensive characterization of adaptive immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2 is needed. Methods We included 203 recovered SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in Denmark between April 3 rd and July 9 th 2020, at least 14 days after COVID-19 symptom recovery. The participants had experienced a range of disease severities from asymptomatic to severe. We collected plasma, serum and PBMC's for analysis of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody response by Meso Scale analysis including other coronavirus strains, ACE2 competition, IgA ELISA, pseudovirus neutralization capacity, and dextramer flow cytometry analysis of CD8 + T cells. The immunological outcomes were compared amongst severity groups within the cohort, and 10 pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 negative controls. Findings We report broad serological profiles within the cohort, detecting antibody binding to other human coronaviruses. 202(>99%) participants had SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies, with SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and spike-ACE2 receptor interaction blocking observed in 193(95%) individuals. A significant positive correlation (r=0.7804) between spike-ACE2 blocking antibody titers and neutralization potency was observed. Further, SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8 + T-cell responses were clear and quantifiable in 95 of 106(90%) HLA-A2 + individual...