Orientation of Temporal Interference for Non-invasive Deep Brain Stimulation in Epilepsy

作者：Florian Missey, Evgeniia Rusina, Emma Acerbo, Boris Botzanowski, Agnès Trébuchon, Fabrice Bartoloméi, Viktor Jirsa, Romain Carron, Adam Williamson · 发表于：Frontiers in Neuroscience · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3389/fnins.2021.633988 · 被引用次数：85 · 研究领域：Neurological disorders and treatments、Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies、Neuroscience and Neural Engineering

In patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy, electrical stimulation from intracranial electrodes is frequently used for the localization of seizure onset zones and related pathological networks. The ability of electrically stimulated tissue to generate beta and gamma range oscillations, called rapid-discharges, is a frequent indication of an epileptogenic zone. However, a limit of intracranial stimulation is the fixed physical location and number of implanted electrodes, leaving numerous clinically and functionally relevant brain regions unexplored. Here, we demonstrate an alternative technique relying exclusively on non-penetrating surface electrodes, namely an orientation-tunable form of temporally interfering (TI) electric fields to target the CA3 of the mouse hippocampus which focally evokes seizure-like events (SLEs) having the characteristic frequencies of rapid-discharges, but without the necessity of the implanted electrodes. The orientation of the topical electrodes with respect to the orientation of the hippocampus is demonstrated to strongly control the threshold for evoking SLEs. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of Pulse-width-modulation of square waves as an alternative to sine waves for TI stimulation. An orientation-dependent analysis of classic implanted electrodes to evoke SLEs in the hippocampus is subsequently utilized to support the results of the minimally invasive temporally interfering fields. The principles of orientation-tunable TI stimulation ...