Human impact, climate and dispersal strategies determine plant invasion on islands

作者：Severin D. H. Irl, Andreas Schweiger, Manuel J. Steinbauer, Claudine Ah‐Peng, José Ramón Arévalo, Carl Beierkuhnlein, Alessandro Chiarucci, Curtis C. Daehler, José María Fernández‐Palacios, Olivier Flores, Christoph Kueffer, Petr Maděra, Rüdiger Otto, Julienne M.‐I. Schweiger, Dominique Strasberg, Anke Jentsch · 发表于：Journal of Biogeography · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1111/jbi.14119 · 被引用次数：44 · 研究领域：Species Distribution and Climate Change、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies、Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies

Abstract Aim Biological invasions are likely determined by species dispersal strategies as well as environmental characteristics of a recipient region, especially climate and human impact. However, the contribution of climatic factors, human impact, and dispersal strategies in driving invasion processes is still controversial and not well embedded in the existing theoretical considerations. Here, we study how climate, species dispersal strategies, and human impact determine plant invasion processes on islands distributed in all major oceans in the context of directional ecological filtering. Location Six mountainous, tropical, and subtropical islands in three major oceans: Island of Hawai'i and Maui (Pacific), Tenerife and La Palma (Atlantic), and La Réunion and Socotra (Indian Ocean). Taxon Vascular Plants. Methods We recorded 360 non‐native species in 218 plots along roadside elevational transects covering the major temperature, precipitation and human impact (i.e., road density) gradients of the islands. We collected dispersal strategies for a majority of the recorded species and calculated the environmental niche per species using a hypervolume approach. Results Non‐native species’ generalism (i.e., mean community niche width) increased with precipitation, elevation and human impact but showed no relationship with temperature. Increasing precipitation led to environmental filtering of non‐native species resulting in more generalist species under high precipitation conditi...