Development and validation of the prognostic value of the immune-related genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

作者：Zhuangyao Liao, Haohua Yao, Jinhuan Wei, Zihao Feng, Wei Chen, Junhang Luo, Xu Chen · 发表于：Translational Andrology and Urology · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.21037/tau-20-1348 · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis、Renal cell carcinoma treatment、Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers

BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor, resulting a challenge of developing target therapeutics. Not long ago, immune checkpoint blockade regimens combine with tyrosin kinase inhibitors have evolved frontline options in metastatic RCC, which implies arrival of the era of tumor immunotherapy. Studies have demonstrated immune-related genes (IRGs) could characterize tumor milieu and related to patient survival. Nevertheless, the clinical significance of classifier depending on IRGs in ccRCC has not been well established. METHODS: The R package limma, univariate and LASSO cox regression analysis were used to screen the prognostic related IRGs from TCGA database. Multivariate cox regression was utilized to establish a risk prediction model for candidate genes. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to confirm the expression of candidates in clinical samples from our institution. CIBERSORT algorithm and correlation analysis were applied to explore tumor-infiltrating immune cells signature between different risk groups. A clinical nomogram was also developed to predict OS by using the rms R package based on the risk prediction model and other independent risk factors. The ICGC data was used for external validation of either gene risk model or nomogram. RESULTS: We identified 382 differentially expressed immune related genes. Four unique prognostic IRGs (CRABP2, LTB4R, PTGER1 and TEK) were finally affirmed to associate with tumor survival ind...