Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses in ecology and evolutionary biology: a PRISMA extension

作者：Rose E. O’Dea, Malgorzata Lagisz, Michael D. Jennions, Julia Koricheva, Daniel W. A. Noble, Timothy Parker, Jessica Gurevitch, Matthew J. Page, Gavin Stewart, David Moher, Shinichi Nakagawa · 发表于：Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1111/brv.12721 · 被引用次数：705 · 研究领域：Meta-analysis and systematic reviews、Species Distribution and Climate Change、Data Analysis with R

Since the early 1990s, ecologists and evolutionary biologists have aggregated primary research using meta-analytic methods to understand ecological and evolutionary phenomena. Meta-analyses can resolve long-standing disputes, dispel spurious claims, and generate new research questions. At their worst, however, meta-analysis publications are wolves in sheep's clothing: subjective with biased conclusions, hidden under coats of objective authority. Conclusions can be rendered unreliable by inappropriate statistical methods, problems with the methods used to select primary research, or problems within the primary research itself. Because of these risks, meta-analyses are increasingly conducted as part of systematic reviews, which use structured, transparent, and reproducible methods to collate and summarise evidence. For readers to determine whether the conclusions from a systematic review or meta-analysis should be trusted - and to be able to build upon the review - authors need to report what they did, why they did it, and what they found. Complete, transparent, and reproducible reporting is measured by 'reporting quality'. To assess perceptions and standards of reporting quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in ecology and evolutionary biology, we surveyed 208 researchers with relevant experience (as authors, reviewers, or editors), and conducted detailed evaluations of 102 systematic review and meta-analysis papers published between 2010 and 2019. Reportin...