Dental attendance and behavioural pathways to adult oral health inequalities

作者：Carol Cristina Guarnizo-Herreño, Shaun Scholes, Anja Heilmann, Rhiannon O’Connor, Elizabeth A. Fuller, Jing Shen, Richard Geddie Watt, Steve Morris, John R. Wildman, Georgios Tsakos · 发表于：Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1136/jech-2020-216072 · 被引用次数：29 · 研究领域：Dental Health and Care Utilization、Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations、Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

BACKGROUND: While inequalities in oral health are documented, little is known about the extent to which they are attributable to potentially modifiable factors. We examined the role of behavioural and dental attendance pathways in explaining oral health inequalities among adults in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. METHODS: Using nationally representative data, we analysed inequalities in self-rated oral health and number of natural teeth. Highest educational attainment, equivalised household income and occupational social class were used to derive a latent socioeconomic position (SEP) variable. Pathways were dental attendance and behaviours (smoking and oral hygiene). We used structural equation modelling to test the hypothesis that SEP influences oral health directly and also indirectly via dental attendance and behavioural pathways. RESULTS: Lower SEP was directly associated with fewer natural teeth and worse self-rated oral health (standardised path coefficients, -0.21 (SE=0.01) and -0.10 (SE=0.01), respectively). We also found significant indirect effects via behavioural factors for both outcomes and via dental attendance primarily for self-rated oral health. While the standardised parameters of total effects were similar between the two outcomes, for number of teeth, the estimated effect of SEP was mostly direct while for self-rated oral health, it was almost equally split between direct and indirect effects. CONCLUSION: Reducing inequalities in dental attendance and...