Characterization of the gut DNA and RNA Viromes in a Cohort of Chinese Residents and Visiting Pakistanis

作者：Qiulong Yan, Yu Wang, Xiuli Chen, Hao Jin, Guangyang Wang, Kuiqing Guan, Yue Zhang, Pan Zhang, Ayaz Taj, Yanshan Liang, Junyi Wang, Guangyi Cui, Yuanyuan Sun, Manchun Xiao, Jian Kang, Wei Zhang, Aiqin Zhang, Peng Li, Xueyang Liu, Hayan Ulllah, Yufang Ma, Shenghui Li, Tonghui Ma · 发表于：Virus Evolution · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1093/ve/veab022 · 被引用次数：54 · 研究领域：Bacteriophages and microbial interactions、Gut microbiota and health、RNA modifications and cancer

Abstract Trillions of viruses inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Some of them have been well-studied on their roles in infection and human health, but the majority remains unsurveyed. It has been established that the composition of the gut virome is highly variable based on the changes of diet, physical state, and environmental factors. However, the effect of host genetic factors, for example ethnic origin, on the gut virome is rarely investigated. Here, we characterized and compared the gut virome in a cohort of local Chinese residents and visiting Pakistani individuals, each group containing twenty-four healthy adults and six children. Using metagenomic shotgun sequencing and assembly of fecal samples, a huge number of viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) were identified for profiling the DNA and RNA viromes. National background contributed a primary variation to individuals’ gut virome. Compared with the Chinese adults, the Pakistan adults showed higher macrodiversity and different compositional and functional structures in their DNA virome and lower diversity and altered composition in their RNA virome. The virome variations of Pakistan children were not only inherited from that of the adults but also tended to share similar characteristics with the Chinese cohort. We also analyzed and compared the bacterial microbiome between two cohorts and further revealed numerous connections between viruses and bacterial host. Statistically, the gut DNA and RNA viromes were cov...