Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcomes of Medically Attended COVID-19 and Influenza Patients in a Defined Population in the 2020 Respiratory Virus Season

作者：Long Liu, Feng Zeng, Jingjing Rao, Shengren Yuan, Manshan Ji, Lei Xu, Xiao Xiao, Zhijun Li, Xiaohua Li, Weixing Du, Yanqing Liu, Huabing Tan, Junmin Li, Jianyong Zhu, Jing Yang, Zhixin Liu · 发表于：Frontiers in Public Health · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3389/fpubh.2021.587425 · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), which is causing the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, poses a global health threat. However, it is easy to confuse COVID-19 with seasonal influenza in preliminary clinical diagnosis. In this study, the differences between influenza and COVID-19 in epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, comorbidities and pathogen biology were comprehensively compared and analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 causes a higher proportion of pneumonia (90.67 vs. 17.07%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (12.00 vs. 0%) than influenza A virus. The proportion of leukopenia for influenza patients was 31.71% compared with 12.00% for COVID-19 patients ( P = 0.0096). The creatinine and creatine kinase were significantly elevated when there were COVID-19 patients. The basic reproductive number (R 0 ) for SARS-CoV-2 is 2.38 compared with 1.28 for seasonal influenza A virus. The mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 ranges from 1.12 × 10 −3 to 6.25 × 10 −3 , while seasonal influenza virus has a lower evolutionary rate (0.60-2.00 × 10 −6 ). Overall, this study compared the clinical features and outcomes of medically attended COVID-19 and influenza patients. In addition, the S477N and N439K mutations on spike may affect the affinity with receptor ACE2. This study will contribute to COVID-19 control and epidemic surveillance in the future.