H9N2 influenza virus spillover into wild birds from poultry in China bind to human‐type receptors and transmit in mammals via respiratory droplets

作者：Xinghai Zhang, Yuanguo Li, Song Jin, Tiecheng Wang, Weiyang Sun, Yiming Zhang, Fangxu Li, Menglin Zhao, Leiyun Sun, Xinyu Hu, Na Feng, Ying Xie, Yongkun Zhao, Songtao Yang, Xianzhu Xia, Yuwei Gao · 发表于：Transboundary and Emerging Diseases · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1111/tbed.14033 · 被引用次数：35 · 研究领域：Influenza Virus Research Studies、Respiratory viral infections research、Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology

H9N2 influenza virus has been reported worldwide for several decades, and it has evolved into multiple genotypes among domestic poultry. However, the study involving ecology and evolution of low pathogenic avian influenza virus H9N2 in wild birds in China is limited. Here, we carried out surveillance of avian influenza virus H9N2 in wild birds along with the East Asian-Australian migratory flyway in China in 2017. To estimate the prevalence of H9N2 avian virus in wild birds, information on exposure of wild bird populations to H9N2 viruses using serology, in addition to virology, would greatly improve monitoring capabilities. In this study, we also present serological data of H9N2 among wild birds in China during 2013-2016. We report the identification of poultry-derived H9N2 isolates from asymptomatic infected multispecies wild birds such as Common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), Little owl (Athene noctua) and Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) in North China in June 2017. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Tianjin H9N2 isolates belong to the G81 and carry internal genes highly homologous to human H10N8 and H7N9. The isolates could directly infect mice without adaptation but were restricted to replicate in the respiratory system. Glycan-binding preference analyses suggested that the H9N2 isolates have acquired a binding affinity for the human-like receptor. Notably, results from transmission experiment in guinea pigs and ferret...