The Biological Assessment and Rehabilitation of the World’s Rivers: An Overview

作者：Maria João Feio, Robert M. Hughes, Marcos Callisto, Susan J. Nichols, Oghenekaro Nelson Odume, Bernardo R. Quintella, Mathias Kuemmerlen, Francisca C. Aguiar, Salomé F.P. Almeida, Perla Alonso-EguíaLis, Francis O. Arimoro, Fiona Dyer, Jon S. Harding, Suk-Hwan Jang, Philip R. Kaufmann, Samhee Lee, Jianhua Li, Diego Rodrigues Macedo, Ana Mendes, Norman Mercado‐Silva, Wendy A. Monk, Keigo Nakamura, George G. Ndiritu, Ralph Ogden, Michael Peat, Trefor B. Reynoldson, Blanca Ríos‐Touma, Pedro Segurado, Adam G. Yates · 发表于：Water · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3390/w13030371 · 被引用次数：187 · 研究领域：Fish Ecology and Management Studies、Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology、Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior

The biological assessment of rivers i.e., their assessment through use of aquatic assemblages, integrates the effects of multiple-stressors on these systems over time and is essential to evaluate ecosystem condition and establish recovery measures. It has been undertaken in many countries since the 1990s, but not globally. And where national or multi-national monitoring networks have gathered large amounts of data, the poor water body classifications have not necessarily resulted in the rehabilitation of rivers. Thus, here we aimed to identify major gaps in the biological assessment and rehabilitation of rivers worldwide by focusing on the best examples in Asia, Europe, Oceania, and North, Central, and South America. Our study showed that it is not possible so far to draw a world map of the ecological quality of rivers. Biological assessment of rivers and streams is only implemented officially nation-wide and regularly in the European Union, Japan, Republic of Korea, South Africa, and the USA. In Australia, Canada, China, New Zealand, and Singapore it has been implemented officially at the state/province level (in some cases using common protocols) or in major catchments or even only once at the national level to define reference conditions (Australia). In other cases, biological monitoring is driven by a specific problem, impact assessments, water licenses, or the need to rehabilitate a river or a river section (as in Brazil, South Korea, China, Canada, Japan, Australia). In...