Converting croplands to orchards changes soil microbial community composition and co‐occurrence patterns

作者：Rui Wang, Ying Wang, Wei Zheng, Fangbin Hou, Yaxian Hu, Shengli Guo · 发表于：Land Degradation and Development · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1002/ldr.3875 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Gut microbiota and health

Abstract Soil microorganisms are key to uncovering the mechanisms driving variation in soil biogeochemical processes associated with land‐use change. A large number of croplands have been converted to orchards on the Chinese Loess Plateau due to the increased economic benefits which result. However, the microbial community and their functional composition remain poorly understood. In this study, soil samples were collected from croplands and orchards. Soil physicochemical properties and the community (represented by 16S rRNA for bacteria and ITS for fungi) were measured, and interactions among species and the soil organic matter (SOM) degradation via microbial metabolism and its associated genes were analyzed. Croplands converted to orchards affected bacterial and fungal community structure by increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Ascomycota, whereas it decreased the α‐diversity of bacteria and fungi. The co‐occurrence network was larger and more complex within croplands than within orchards, indicating more extensive interactions and higher community stability potential. The abundance of potential genes related to cellulose and hemicellulose metabolism in orchards was higher than that in croplands, whereas the abundance of genes related to lignin decomposition was lower than that in croplands. In addition, the abundance of saprotrophic and symbiotrophic fungi in orchards was significantly lower than that in cropla...