Association of Immunosuppression and Viral Load With Subcortical Brain Volume in an International Sample of People Living With HIV

作者：Talia M. Nir, Jean‐Paul Fouché, Jintanat Ananworanich, Beau M. Ances, Jasmina Boban, Bruce J. Brew, Joga Chaganti, Linda Chang, Christopher R. K. Ching, Lucette A. Cysique, Thomas Ernst, Joshua Faskowitz, Vikash Gupta, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Jodi M. Heaps‐Woodruff, Charles H. Hinkin, Jacqueline Hoare, John A. Joska, Kalpana J. Kallianpur, Taylor Kuhn, Hei Y. Lam, Meng Law, Christine Lebrun‐Frénay, Andrew J. Levine, Lydiane Mondot, Beau K. Nakamoto, Bradford Navia, Xavier Pennec, Eric C. Porges, Lauren E. Salminen, Cecilia Shikuma, Wesley Surento, April D. Thames, Victor Valcour, Matteo Vassallo, Adam J. Woods, Paul M. Thompson, Ronald A. Cohen, Robert Paul, Dan J. Stein, Neda Jahanshad · 发表于：JAMA Network Open · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31190 · 被引用次数：40 · 研究领域：HIV Research and Treatment、Tryptophan and brain disorders、Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders

Importance: Despite more widely accessible combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-1 infection remains a global public health challenge. Even in treated patients with chronic HIV infection, neurocognitive impairment often persists, affecting quality of life. Identifying the neuroanatomical pathways associated with infection in vivo may delineate the neuropathologic processes underlying these deficits. However, published neuroimaging findings from relatively small, heterogeneous cohorts are inconsistent, limiting the generalizability of the conclusions drawn to date. Objective: To examine structural brain associations with the most commonly collected clinical assessments of HIV burden (CD4+ T-cell count and viral load), which are generalizable across demographically and clinically diverse HIV-infected individuals worldwide. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study established the HIV Working Group within the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium to pool and harmonize data from existing HIV neuroimaging studies. In total, data from 1295 HIV-positive adults were contributed from 13 studies across Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America. Regional and whole brain segmentations were extracted from data sets as contributing studies joined the consortium on a rolling basis from November 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures: Volume estimates for 8 subcortical brain regions were extracted f...