Soil Microbial Composition and phoD Gene Abundance Are Sensitive to Phosphorus Level in a Long-Term Wheat-Maize Crop System

作者：Ming Lang, Wenxin Zou, Xiuxiu Chen, Xiuxiu Chen, Chunqin Zou, Wei Zhang, Yan Deng, Feng Zhu, Peng Yu, Xinping Chen, Xinping Chen · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2020.605955 · 被引用次数：46 · 研究领域：Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Crop Yield and Soil Fertility

Microbes associated with phosphorus (P) cycling are intrinsic to soil P transformation and availability for plant use but are also influenced by the application of P fertilizer. Nevertheless, the variability in soil P in the field means that integrative analyses of soil P cycling, microbial composition, and microbial functional genes related to P cycling remain very challenging. In the present study in the North China Plain, we subjected the bacterial and fungal communities to amplicon sequencing analysis and characterized the alkaline phosphatase gene ( phoD) encoding bacterial alkaline phosphatase in a long-term field experiment (10 years) with six mineral P fertilization rates up to 200 kg P ha –1 . Long-term P fertilization increased soil available P, inorganic P, and total P, while soil organic P increased until the applied P rate reached 25 kg ha –1 and then decreased. The fungal alpha-diversity decreased as P rate increased, while there were no significant effects on bacterial alpha-diversity. Community compositions of bacteria and fungi were significantly affected by P rates at order and family levels. The number of keystone taxa decreased from 10 to 3 OTUs under increasing P rates from 0 to 200 kg ha –1 . The gene copy numbers of the biomarker of the alkaline phosphatase phoD was higher at moderate P rates (25 and 50 kg ha –1 ) than at low (0 and 12.5 kg ha –1 ) and high (100 and 200 kg ha –1 ) rates of P fertilization, and was positively correlated with soil organic...