Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

作者：Jaimie D Steinmetz, Rupert Bourne, Paul Svitil Briant, Seth Flaxman, Hugh R B Taylor, Jost B. Jonas, Amir Abdoli, Woldu Aberhe Abrha, Ahmed Abualhasan, Eman Girum Abu-Gharbieh, Tadele Girum Girum Adal, Ashkan Afshin, Hamid Ahmadieh, Wondu Alemayehu, Sayyed Amirpooya Alemzadeh, Ahmed Samir Alfaar, Vahid Alipour, Sofia Androudi, Jalal Arabloo, Aries Arditi, Brhane Berhe Aregawi, Alessandro Arrigo, Charlie Ashbaugh, Elham Ashrafi, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Eleni Bagli, Atif Amin Baig, Till Bärnighausen, Maurízio Battaglia Parodi, Mahya Beheshti, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Ali Bijani, Mukharram M. Bikbov, Michele Bottone, Tasanee M Braithwaite, Alain M. Bron, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Zahid A Butt, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Vera Lúcia Alves Carneiro, Robert J. Casson, Ching-Yu Jasmine Cheng, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Dinh‐Toi Chu, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, João M G Coelho, Nathan Congdon, Rosa A A Couto, Elizabeth A. Cromwell, Saad M A Dahlawi, Xiaochen Dai, Reza Dana, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Monte A. Del Monte, Meseret Derbew Molla, Nikolaos Dervenis, Abebaw Alemayehu Desta, Jenny P Deva, Daniel Díaz, Shirin E Djalalinia, Joshua R. Ehrlich, Rajesh Elayedath, Hala Rashad Elhabashy, Leon B. Ellwein, Mohammad Hassan Emamian, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Farshad Farzadfar, Arthur Gustavo Fernandes, Florian Fischer, David S. Friedman, João M. Furtado, Shilpa Gaidhane, Gus Gazzard, Berhe Gebremichael, Ronnie George, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Syed Amir Gilani, Mahaveer Golechha, Samer Randall Hamidi, Billy R. Hammond, M. Elizabeth Hartnett, Risky Kusuma Hartono, Abdiwahab Hashi, Simon I Hay, Khezar Hayat, Golnaz Heidari, Hung Chak Ho, Ramesh Holla, Mowafa J Househ, John J. Huang, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Irena Ilić, Milena Ilić, April Ingram, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Ramaiah Itumalla, Shubha Prakash Jayaram, Ravi Prakash Jha, Rim Kahloun, Rohollah Kalhor, Himal Kandel, Ayele Semachew Kasa, Taras A Kavetskyy, Gbenga A Kayode, John H. Kempen, Moncef Khairallah, Rovshan Ahmad Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Rohit Khanna, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Tawfik Ahmed E Khoja, Judy E. Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Gyu Ri Kim, Sezer Kısa, Adnan Kısa, Soewarta Kosen, Ai Koyanagi, Burcu Küçük Biçer, Vaman Kulkarni, Om Kurmi, Iván Landires, Van Charles Lansingh, Janet L Leasher, Kate E LeGrand, Nicolas Leveziel, Hans Limburg, Xuefeng Liu, Shilpashree Madhava Kunjathur, Shokofeh Maleki, Navid Manafi, Kaweh Mansouri, Colm McAlinden, Gebrekiros Gebremichael M Meles, Abera Mersha, Irmina Maria Michałek, Ted R. Miller, Sanjeev Misra, Yousef Mohammad, Seyed-Farzad Mohammadi, Jemal Mohammed, Ali H. Mokdad, Mohammad Ali Moni, Ahmed Al Montasir, Alan R. Morse, Getahun Fentaw Mulaw, Mehdi Naderi, Homa Naderifar, Kovin Naidoo, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Vinay Nangia, Sreenivas Muhammad Narasimha Swamy, Muhammad Asif Naveed, Hadush Lan Negash, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Kolawole T Ogundimu, Andrew T Olagunju, Obinna Onwujekwe, Nikita O Otstavnov, Mayowa Owolabi, Keyvan Pakshir, Songhomitra Panda‐Jonas, Utsav Parekh, Eun‐Cheol Park, Maja Pasovic, Shrikant Pawar, Konrad Pesudovs, Tunde Quang Peto, Hai Quang Pham, Marina Pinheiro, Vivek Podder, Vafa Rahimi‐Movaghar, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Pradeep Y. Ramulu, Priya Rathi, Salman Rawaf, David Laith Rawaf, Lal Rawal, Nickolas Reinig, André M. N. Renzaho, Aziz Rezapour, Alan L. Robin, Luca Rossetti, Siamak Sabour, Sare Safi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Abdallah M Samy, Brijesh Sathian, Ganesh Kumar Saya, Mete A Saylan, Amira Shaheen, Masood Ali Shaikh, Tueng T. Shen, Kenji Shibabaw Shibuya, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, Juan Carlos Silva, Alexander A Silvester, Jasvinder A. Singh, Deepika Singhal, Rita S. Sitorus, Eirini Skiadaresi, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Amin Soheili, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Raúl A. R. C. Sousa, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Dwight Girma Stambolian, Eyayou Girma Tadesse, Nina Tahhan, Md. Ismail Tareque, Fotis Xuan Topouzis, Bach Xuan Tran, Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris, Rohit Varma, Gianni Virgili, Avina Vongpradith, Giang Thu Vu, Ya Xing Wang, Ningli Wang, Abrha Hailay K Weldemariam, Sheila K. West, Temesgen Gebeyehu Wondmeneh, Tien Yin Wong, Mehdi Yaseri, Naohiro Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Stephanie R M Zimsen, Serge Resnikoff, Theo Vos · 发表于：The Lancet Global Health · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30489-7 · 被引用次数：3174 · 研究领域：Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies、Tactile and Sensory Interactions、Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies

BACKGROUND: Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (<3/60 or less than 10° visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older. FINDINGS: Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change -0·2% [95% UI -1·5 to 1·0]; 2019 prevalence 9·58 cases per 1000 people [95% IU 8·51 to 10·8], 2010 prevalence 96·0 cases per 1000 people [86·0 to 107·0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by -15·4% [-16·8 to -14·3], while avoidable MSVI showed no ...