Aetiology and incidence of sudden cardiac arrest and death in young competitive athletes in the USA: a 4-year prospective study

作者：Danielle F. Peterson, Kristen L. Kucera, Leah Cox Thomas, Joseph John Maleszewski, David M. Siebert, Martha Lopez-Anderson, Monica Zigman Suchsland, Jared Schattenkerk, Kimberly G. Harmon, Jonathan A. Drezner · 发表于：British Journal of Sports Medicine · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1136/bjsports-2020-102666 · 被引用次数：172 · 研究领域：Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise、Sports injuries and prevention、Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the aetiology and incidence of sudden cardiac arrest and death (SCA/D) in US competitive athletes. METHODS: Prospective surveillance was conducted from 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2018 through the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research in collaboration with national sports organisations. Autopsy reports, death certificates, and medical records were reviewed by an expert panel to determine aetiology. Athlete participation statistics from the National Federation of State High School Associations and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) were used to calculate incidence rates per athlete-years (AY). Comparisons of incidence rates were calculated using incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% CIs. RESULTS: 331 cases of confirmed SCA/D (158 survivors; 173 fatalities) were identified; 15.4% in middle school, 61.6% in high school and 16.6% in college and professional athletes. Average age was 16.7 (11-29) years, and the majority were in male (83.7%), basketball (28.7%) or American football (25.4%) athletes. Common causes included hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (20.6%), idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy (13.4%), coronary artery anomalies (12.0%) and autopsy-negative sudden unexplained death (9.6%). Coronary anomalies were more common in middle school athletes (28%), while cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic, arrhythmogenic, dilated, non-compaction or restricted) accounted for 47% of cases in college and professional athletes. Incidence wa...