Assessments on surface water resources and their vulnerability and adaptability in China

作者：Jia Qin, Yongjian Ding, Qiudong Zhao, Shaoping Wang, Yaping Chang · 发表于：Advances in Climate Change Research · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1016/j.accre.2020.11.002 · 被引用次数：62 · 研究领域：Cryospheric studies and observations、Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies、Flood Risk Assessment and Management

A clear understanding of the changes of water resources under the background of environmental changes is of great significance for scientific management and utilization of water resources in China. This study systematically analyzed the spatial–temporal variations of surface water resources in China since 2000. Water vulnerability in current (2010s) and its trends from 2000 to late-2010s in different regions of China were also summarized. In addition, the correspondingly adaptive measures to counter regional risks to water resources were proposed. We concluded that the runoff of major rivers had been decreasing in eastern China and increasing in western China during 2000–2018. In the arid area of Northwest China, the alpine runoff has shown an overall upward trend since the late-1990s/early-2000s, with a 10%–25% increase caused by the increase of glacial meltwater and precipitation. While the runoff of each hydrological station in the 2000s–2010s was 34.7% lower than that in the 1950s–2010s on average. The increases in precipitation and glacial meltwater with global warming caused a rapid expansion of lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang, thus leading to an increase in total area and water quantity of lakes in China from 1995 to 2015. The mean contribution rates of climate change and human activity to runoff change in river basins of China were 53.5% and 46.5%, respectively, during the period of 2000–2010s. The driving factor of runoff change in many river basins h...