Ending malnutrition in all its forms requires scaling up proven nutrition interventions and much more: a 129-country analysis

作者：Nick Scott, Dominic Delport, Samuel Hainsworth, Ruth Pearson, Chris Morgan, Shan Huang, Jonathan Kweku Akuoku, Ellen Piwoz, Meera Shekar, Carol Levin, Mike Toole, Caroline Homer · 发表于：BMC Medicine · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1186/s12916-020-01786-5 · 被引用次数：67 · 研究领域：Child Nutrition and Water Access、Iron Metabolism and Disorders、Global Maternal and Child Health

BACKGROUND: Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2.2 calls for an end to all forms of malnutrition, with 2025 targets of a 40% reduction in stunting (relative to 2012), for wasting to occur in less than 5% of children, and for a 50% reduction in anaemia in women (15-49 years). We assessed the likelihood of countries reaching these targets by scaling up proven interventions and identified priority interventions, based on cost-effectiveness. METHODS: For 129 countries, the Optima Nutrition model was used to compare 2019-2030 nutrition outcomes between a status quo (maintained intervention coverage) scenario and a scenario where outcome-specific interventions were scaled up to 95% coverage over 5 years. The average cost-effectiveness of each intervention was calculated as it was added to an expanding package of interventions. RESULTS: Of the 129 countries modelled, 46 (36%), 66 (51%) and 0 (0%) were on track to achieve the stunting, wasting and anaemia targets respectively. Scaling up 18 nutrition interventions increased the number of countries reaching the SDG 2.2 targets to 50 (39%), 83 (64%) and 7 (5%) respectively. Intermittent preventative treatment of malaria during pregnancy (IPTp), infant and young child feeding education, vitamin A supplementation and lipid-based nutrition supplements for children produced 88% of the total impact on stunting, with average costs per case averted of US$103, US$267, US$556 and US$1795 when interventions were consecutively scaled up, respecti...