Distribution and Succession of Microbial Communities Along the Dispersal Pathway of Hydrothermal Plumes on the Southwest Indian Ridge

作者：Jiangtao Li, Jingyu Yang, Mingxue Sun, Lei Su, Hu Wang, Jianqi Gao, Shijie Bai · 发表于：Frontiers in Marine Science · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.3389/fmars.2020.581381 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology、Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena、Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies

The distribution and succession of microbial communities along the dispersion path of hydrothermal plumes has not been well investigated. In this study, we collected several types of samples from the Longqi hydrothermal field located on the Southwest Indian Ridge, including hydrothermal plumes at different stages of formation, a suite of water column samples across the non-buoyant hydrothermal plumes above this field, and a background seawater column approximately 350 km away from the hydrothermal field. Using CH4 concentration anomalies, three non-buoyant plume samples between 2,535 m and 2,735 m were identified within the water column. Microbial community compositions within these plumes and background seawater samples were examined based on the 16S rRNA genes and revealed significant variations and successions in community composition between different portions of the hydrothermal plumes. Near the vent orifice, representing the initial stage of plume formation, microbial populations were characterized by abundant and diverse putative vent-associated communities including (hyper)thermophiles such as Aquificaceae and Hydrogenothermaceae within the phylum Aquificae, and some epsilonproteobacterial chemolithoautotrophs such as Sulfurovum, Sulfurimonas, and Caminibacter. By contrast, in the rising buoyant plumes and adjacent seawaters, most vent-associated microbial taxa were still present but made only minor contributions to community composition. Some microbial taxa that are ...