Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection in Adults

作者：Michael S. Saag, Rajesh T. Gandhi, Jennifer Hoy, Raphael J. Landovitz, Melanie Thompson, Paul E. Sax, Davey M. Smith, Constance A. Benson, Susan Buchbinder, Carlos del Rı́o, Joseph J. Eron, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Huldrych F. Günthard, Jean‐Michel Molina, Donna M. Jacobsen, Paul A. Volberding · 发表于：JAMA · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1001/jama.2020.17025 · 被引用次数：473 · 研究领域：HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment、HIV-related health complications and treatments、HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions

Importance: Data on the use of antiretroviral drugs, including new drugs and formulations, for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection continue to guide optimal practices. Objective: To evaluate new data and incorporate them into current recommendations for initiating HIV therapy, monitoring individuals starting on therapy, changing regimens, preventing HIV infection for those at risk, and special considerations for older people with HIV. Evidence Review: New evidence was collected since the previous International Antiviral (formerly AIDS) Society-USA recommendations in 2018, including data published or presented at peer-reviewed scientific conferences through August 22, 2020. A volunteer panel of 15 experts in HIV research and patient care considered these data and updated previous recommendations. Findings: From 5316 citations about antiretroviral drugs identified, 549 were included to form the evidence basis for these recommendations. Antiretroviral therapy is recommended as soon as possible for all individuals with HIV who have detectable viremia. Most patients can start with a 3-drug regimen or now a 2-drug regimen, which includes an integrase strand transfer inhibitor. Effective options are available for patients who may be pregnant, those who have specific clinical conditions, such as kidney, liver, or cardiovascular disease, those who have opportunistic diseases, or those who have health care access issues. Recommended for the first time, a long-acting antiretro...