Antibacterial and Osteogenic Functionalization of Titanium With Silicon/Copper-Doped High-Energy Shot Peening-Assisted Micro-Arc Oxidation Technique

作者：Xinkun Shen, Wenjia Hu, Linchao Ping, Chongxing Liu, Lili Yao, Zhennan Deng, Gang Wu · 发表于：Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.3389/fbioe.2020.573464 · 被引用次数：31 · 研究领域：Bone Tissue Engineering Materials、Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty、Dental materials and restorations

Antibacterial and osteogenic functionalization of titanium (Ti) implants will greatly expand their clinical indications in immediate implant therapy, accelerate osteointegration and enhance long-term prognosis. We had recently shown that the high-energy shot peening (HESP)-assisted micro-arc oxidation (MAO) significantly improved the bioactivity and coating stability of Ti-based substrates. In this study, we further functionalized Ti with antibacterial and osteogenic properties by doping silicon (Si) and/or copper (Cu) ions into HESP/MAO-treated coatings. Physicochemical characterization displayed that the doping of Si and Cu in HESP/MAO-treated coatings (Si/Cu-MAO) did not significantly change their surface topography, roughness, crystal structure, coating thickness, bonding strength, and wettability. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that Si and Cu in the Si/Cu-MAO coating was in the form of silicate radical (SiO32-) and bivalent copper (Cu2+), respectively. The total amounts of Si and Cu were about 13.5 and 5.8 μg/cm2, which released about 33.2% and 31.3% within 14 d, respectively. Compared with the control group (MAO), Si doping samples (MAO-Si) significantly increased the cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization and osteogenic genes (ALP, collagen I and osteocalcin) expression of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the addition of Cu presented good bactericidal property against both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mu...