Impacts of land use and cropland management on soil organic matter and greenhouse gas emissions in the Brazilian Cerrado

作者：Marcos Siqueira Neto, Gustavo Vicentini Popin, Marisa de Cássia Píccolo, Marc Corbeels, Éric Scopel, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Martial Bernoux · 发表于：European Journal of Soil Science · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1111/ejss.13059 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Soil Management and Crop Yield、Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics

Abstract The Brazilian Cerrado is a large and expanding agricultural frontier, representing a hotspot of land‐use change (LUC) from natural vegetation to farmland. It is known that this type of LUC impacts soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, particularly labile carbon (C) pools (living and non‐living), decreasing soil health and agricultural sustainability, as well as increasing soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and accelerating global climate change. In this study, we quantified the changes in the quantity and quality of SOM and GHG fluxes due to changes in land use and cropland management in the Brazilian Cerrado. The land uses studied were native vegetation (NV), pasture (PA) and four croplands, including the following management types: conventional tillage with a single soybean crop (CT), and three no‐tillage systems with two crops cultivated in the same year (i.e., soybean/sorghum (NT SSo ), soybean/millet (NT SMi ) and maize/sorghum (NT MSo )). Soil and gases were sampled in the rainy season (November, December and January) and dry season (May, July and September). The highest soil C and nitrogen (N) stocks (6.7 kg C m −2 and 0.5 kg N m −2 , 0–0.3‐m layer) were found under NV. LUC reduced C stocks by 25% in the CT and by 10% in the PA and NT. Soil N stocks were 30% lower in the PA and NT MSo and 15% lower in the croplands with soybean compared to NV. δ 13 C values clearly distinguished between the C‐origin from NV (−25‰) and that from other land uses (−16‰). Soil (0–...