Drivers of a habitat shift by critically endangered Siberian cranes: Evidence from long‐term data

作者：Jinjin Hou, Yifei Liu, James D. Fraser, Lei Li, Bin Zhao, Zhichun Lan, Jiefeng Jin, Guanhua Liu, Nianhua Dai, Wenjuan Wang · 发表于：Ecology and Evolution · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1002/ece3.6720 · 被引用次数：33 · 研究领域：Species Distribution and Climate Change、Avian ecology and behavior、Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications

Abstract Many waterbird populations have become increasingly dependent on agricultural habitats for feeding. While habitat destruction has been proposed as a key reason forcing waterbirds to move from natural habitats to agricultural habitats, few have used long‐term data to test this hypothesis. The Siberian crane ( Leucogeranus leucogeranus ) is an IUCN Critically Endangered species. About 98% of its global population winters at Poyang Lake, China. Recently, many cranes shifted from feeding in natural wetlands to agricultural habitats. Here, we integrate bird surveys, Vallisneria tuber (the traditional food of cranes in natural wetlands) surveys, water level data, and remotely sensed images from 1999 to 2016 to explore the drivers of this habitat shift. Changes in Siberian crane numbers in natural wetlands and agricultural fields indicated that the habitat shift occurred in the winters of 2015–2016. Analyses using generalized linear mixed models suggested that crane numbers in natural wetlands were positively related to tuber density and the interaction between dry season (October–March) water level and tuber density. The changes in tuber density and dry season water level in 2015–2016 indicated that tuber disappearance may have been the primary driver of the habitat shift, with a smaller effect of high water level. Submerged plants at Poyang Lake have degraded seriously in the past two decades. The plant degradation at Shahu Lake, a sublake of Poyang Lake, may have been ca...