Attrition, physical integrity and insecticidal activity of long-lasting insecticidal nets in sub-Saharan Africa and modelling of their impact on vectorial capacity

作者：Olivier Briët, Hannah Koenker, L.C. Norris, Ryan E. Wiegand, Jodi Vanden Eng, Alex Thackeray, J. Williamson, John E. Gimnig, Filomeno Fortes, Martin Akogbéto, Anges Yadouléton, Maurice Ombok, M. Nabie Bayoh, Themba Mzilahowa, Ana Paula Abílio, Samuel Mabunda, Nelson Cuamba, El Hadji Diouf, Lassana Konaté, Busiku Hamainza, Cecilia Katebe-Sakala, Gabriel Ponce de León, Kwame Asamoa, Adam Wolkon, Stephen C. Smith, Isabel Swamidoss, Mike Green, Salam Gueye, Jules Mihigo, Juliette Morgan, Ellen M. Dotson, Allen S. Craig, Kathrine R. Tan, Robert A. Wirtz, Tom Smith · 发表于：Malaria Journal · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1186/s12936-020-03383-6 · 被引用次数：91 · 研究领域：Malaria Research and Control、Mosquito-borne diseases and control、Insect Pest Control Strategies

BACKGROUND: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the primary malaria prevention and control intervention in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. While LLINs are expected to last at least 3 years under normal use conditions, they can lose effectiveness because they fall out of use, are discarded, repurposed, physically damaged, or lose insecticidal activity. The contributions of these different interrelated factors to durability of nets and their protection against malaria have been unclear. METHODS: Starting in 2009, LLIN durability studies were conducted in seven countries in Africa over 5 years. WHO-recommended measures of attrition, LLIN use, insecticidal activity, and physical integrity were recorded for eight different net brands. These data were combined with analyses of experimental hut data on feeding inhibition and killing effects of LLINs on both susceptible and pyrethroid resistant malaria vectors to estimate the protection against malaria transmission-in terms of vectorial capacity (VC)-provided by each net cohort over time. Impact on VC was then compared in hypothetical scenarios where one durability outcome measure was set at the best possible level while keeping the others at the observed levels. RESULTS: There was more variability in decay of protection over time by country than by net brand for three measures of durability (ratios of variance components 4.6, 4.4, and 1.8 times for LLIN survival, use, and integrity, respectively). In some countries, LLIN at...