Risk factors for recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection after successful eradication in Chinese children: A prospective, nested case‐control study

作者：Yuanda Zhang, Qingwei Dong, Lei Tian, Shaohui Zhang, Naying Zuo, Sisi Zhang, Zhaolu Ding · 发表于：Helicobacter · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1111/hel.12749 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies、Whipple's Disease and Interleukins、Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hiccups

BACKGROUND: Limited research has been published on the recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors in Chinese children. Our study aimed to identify risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection recurrence after successful eradication in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, nested case-control study was performed. A cohort of 230 children with successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Baoding (China) was selected from January 2018 to February 2019. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain socioeconomic details. Eradication regimens and Helicobacter pylori antibiotic susceptibility testing results were also recorded. Interleukin-1β level, interferon-γ level, and genetic susceptibility (IFNGR1 and PTPRZ1 gene polymorphisms) were analyzed. All children were followed for 1 year. RESULTS: Among 218 (94.8%) children who were successfully followed, 41 children (18.8%) had a Helicobacter pylori infection recurrence. The recurrence rate was higher in children ≤10 years old than >10 years old (22.8% vs 7.1%, P = .01). There was no significant difference between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group in terms of types of therapy and antibiotic sensitivity (P > .05). Multivariable regression results indicated that residence in urban areas, higher household income, and having lunch at home were significantly protective against recurrence (OR 0.155, 0.408, and 0.351 respectively), whereas Helicobacter pylori infection in family members i...